Polycrase-(Y) Mineral Data

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General Polycrase-(Y) Information

Chemical Formula:

(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Ti,Nb,Ta)2O6

Composition:

Molecular Weight = 372.96 gm

Calcium 1.07 % Ca 1.50 % CaO

Cerium 3.76 % Ce 4.40 % Ce₂O₃

Yttrium 11.92 % Y 15.14 % Y₂O₃

Thorium 6.22 % Th 7.08 % ThO₂

Uranium 6.38 % U 7.67 % UO₃

Tantalum 14.56 % Ta 17.77 % Ta₂O₅

Titanium 15.41 % Ti 25.70 % TiO₂

Niobium 14.95 % Nb 21.38 % Nb₂O₅

Oxygen 25.74 % O

______ ______

100.00 % 100.64 % = TOTAL OXIDE

Empirical Formula:

Y_0.5Ca_0.1Ce_0.1U_0.1Th_0.1Ti_1.2Nb_0.6Ta_0.3O₆

Environment:

Granitic pegmatites.

IMA Status:

Valid Species (Pre-IMA) 1870

Locality:

Rasvag, Hidra (Hittero) Island, near Flekkefjord, and many other places in Norway. Link to MinDat.org Location Data.

Name Origin:

From the Greek for "many" and "mixture", in reference to the large number of chemical elements in the formula.

Name Pronunciation:

Polycrase-(Y) + Pronunciation

Synonym:

ICSD 89029

PDF 46-1458 (U)

Polycrase-(Y) Image

Images:

Polycrase-(Y)

Comments: Large, black, blocky polycrase-(Y) crystal.
Location: Hidra, Vest-Agder, Norway. Scale: Crystal size 0.8 X 2.0 cm.
© John Veevaert

Polycrase-(Y) Crystallography

Axial Ratios:

a:b:c =0.3796:1:0.3549

Cell Dimensions:

a = 5.55, b = 14.62, c = 5.19, Z = 4; V = 421.12 Den(Calc)= 5.88

Crystal System:

Orthorhombic - DipyramidalH-M Symbol (2/m 2/m 2/m) Space Group: Pcan

Forms:

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Forms: ( 0 1 0) ( 2 0 1) ( 1 1 1) ( 1 1 0) ( 1 0 0)

Warning: this large pop-up is very compute intensive and may not work well with some computers.

Crystal Structure:

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Johnsen O , Stahl K , Petersen O V , Micheelsen H I , Neues Jahrbuch fur Mineralogie, Monatshefte , 1999 (1999) p.1-10, Structure refinement of natural non-metamict polycrase-(Y) from Zomba-Malosa, complex, Malawi, Locality: Zomba-Malosa complex, Malawi

Physical Properties of Polycrase-(Y)

Cleavage:

None

Color:

Black, Brown.

Density:

4.97 - 5.04, Average = 5

Diaphaneity:

Subtranslucent to Opaque

Fracture:

Conchoidal - Fractures developed in brittle materials characterized by smoothly curving surfaces, (e.g. quartz).

Habit:

Prismatic - Crystals Shaped like Slender Prisms (e.g. tourmaline).

Habit:

Radial - Crystals radiate from a center without producing stellar forms (e.g. stibnite)

Habit:

Striated - Parallel lines on crystal surface or cleavage face.

Hardness:

5-6 - Between Apatite and Orthoclase

Luminescence:

Non-fluorescent and radioactive.

Luster:

Vitreous - Resinous

Magnetism:

Nonmagnetic

Streak:

brown

Optical Properties of Polycrase-(Y)

Gladstone-Dale:

CI meas= -0.035 (Excellent) - where the CI = (1-KPDmeas/KC)
CI calc= 0.119 (Poor) - where the CI = (1-KPDcalc/KC)
KPDcalc= 0.2126,KPDmeas= 0.2498,KC= 0.2412
Ncalc = 2.2 - 2.42

Optical Data:

Isotropic, n=2.25.

Reflectivity

**Standardized Intensity (100%) Reflection Spectra of Polycrase-(Y) in Air**
λ	R	∑ R(λ)
470 nm	15.60
546 nm	14.60
589 nm	13.40
650 nm	13.90

**Calculated Relative Intensity Colors of Polycrase-(Y) in Air**
Relative Intensity	0%	70%	100%	140%	210%	280%	350%	420%	490%	560%	630%	640%
R

Calculated Properties of Polycrase-(Y)

Electron Density:

Bulk Density (Electron Density)=4.47 gm/cc
note: Specific Gravity of Polycrase-(Y) =5.01 gm/cc.

Fermion Index:

Fermion Index = 0.02
Boson Index = 0.98

Photoelectric:

PE_{Polycrase-(Y)}= 538.58 barns/electron
U=PE_{Polycrase-(Y)} x r_electron=2,405.33 barns/cc.

Radioactivity:

GRapi = 603,860.75 (Gamma Ray American Petroleum Institute Units)
Concentration of Polycrase-(Y) per GRapi unit =1,656.01 (PPB)

Polycrase-(Y) is Radioactive as defined in 49 CFR 173.403. Greater than 70 Bq / gram.

Estimated Maximum U.S. Postal Shipping Size (10 mRem/hr limit, Unshielded 10 cm box) 50.37 ± 12.59 grams of pure Polycrase-(Y) .
Estimated Maximum U.S. Postal Shipping Size (10 mRem/hr limit, Unshielded 100 cm box) 5037.0 ±1259.3 grams of pure Polycrase-(Y) .

**Estimated Radioactivity from Polycrase-(Y)** - strong
Specimen Size Weight/Volume (Sphere) *	Calculated Activity Bequerols (Bq)	Calculated Activity Curies (Ci)	Estimated Activity GR(api)	Estimated Exposure (mRem**)/hr If Held in Hand For One Hour
1000 gm / 7.25 cm	14,211,322	3.84E-04	603,860.75	198.53
100 gm / 3.37 cm	1,421,132	3.84E-05	60,386.07	19.85
10 gm / 1.56 cm	142,113	3.84E-06	6,038.61	1.99
1 gm / 7.25 mm	14,211	3.84E-07	603.86	0.20
0.1 gm / 3.37 mm	1,421	3.84E-08	60.39	0.02
0.01 gm / 1.56 mm	142	3.84E-09	6.04	0.00
0.001 gm / 0.73 mm	14	3.84E-10	0.60	0.00

Weight of pure Polycrase-(Y) in grams (gm) and Calculated Diameter of a Sphere with a Density of 5.01 gm/cc.*
Goverment Estimate of Average Annual Exposure ( 360 mRem) **
Note: 10 microsieverts/hr = 1 mRem/hr **
Max Permissable Adult Dose 50,000 mRem/yr (hands), 15,000 mRem/yr (eyes)
Lethal Dose LD(50) Exposure 400,000 to 500,000 mRem

Polycrase-(Y) Classification

Dana Class:

08.03.08.01 (08)Multiple Oxides with Nb, Ta, and Ti

(08.03)where A (B2O6)

(08.03.08)Polycrase Group

08.03.08.01 Polycrase-(Y) (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Ti,Nb,Ta)2O6 Pcan 2/m 2/m 2/m

08.03.08.02 Euxenite-(Y) (Y,Ca,Ce)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6 Pcan 2/m 2/m 2/m

08.03.08.03 Tanteuxenite-(Y) (Y,Ce,Ca)(Ta,Nb,Ti)2(O,OH)6 Pcan 2/m 2/m 2/m

08.03.08.04 Yttrocrasite-(Y) (Y,Th,Ca,U)(Ti,Fe)2(O,OH)6 Unk Ortho

08.03.08.05 Uranopolycrase (U,Y)(Ti,Nb,Ta)2O6 P bcn 2/m 2/m 2/m

Strunz Class:

04.DG.05 04 - OXIDES (Hydroxides, V[5,6] vanadates, arsenites, antimonites, bismuthites, sulfites, selenites, tellurites, iodate

04.D - Metal:Oxygen = 1:2 and similar

04.DG -With large (± medium-sized) cations; chains of edge-sharing octahedra

04.DG.05 Fersmite (Ca,Ce,Na)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2(O,OH,F)6 Pcan 2/m 2/m 2/m

04.DG.05 Euxenite-(Y) (Y,Ca,Ce)(Nb,Ta,Ti)2O6 Pcan 2/m 2/m 2/m

04.DG.05 Kobeite-(Y) (Y,U)(Ti,Nb)2(O,OH)6(?) Cubic Cubic

04.DG.05 Loranskite-(Y) (Y,Ce,Ca)ZrTaO6(?) Unk Ortho

04.DG.05 Polycrase-(Y) (Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Ti,Nb,Ta)2O6 Pcan 2/m 2/m 2/m

04.DG.05 Tanteuxenite-(Y) (Y,Ce,Ca)(Ta,Nb,Ti)2(O,OH)6 Pcan 2/m 2/m 2/m

04.DG.05 Uranopolycrase (U,Y)(Ti,Nb,Ta)2O6 P bcn 2/m 2/m 2/m

04.DG.05 Yttrocrasite-(Y) (Y,Th,Ca,U)(Ti,Fe)2(O,OH)6 Unk Ortho

Other Polycrase-(Y) Information

References:

NAME( AntBidBlaNic3) PHYS. PROP.(Enc. of Minerals,2nd ed.,1990) OPTIC PROP.(AntBidBlaNic3)

See Also:

Links to other databases for Polycrase-(Y) :
1 - Am. Min. Crystal Structure Database
2 - Athena
3 - EUROmin Project
4 - Google Images
5 - Google Scholar
6 - Handbook of Mineralogy (UofA)
7 - MinDAT
8 - MinMax(Deutsch)
9 - MinMax(English)
10 - Mineralienatlas (Deutsch)
11 - QUT Mineral Atlas
12 - Ruff.Info
13 - Uranium Minerals

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Print or Cut-and-Paste your Polycrase-(Y) Specimen Label here :

Polycrase-(Y)

(Y,Ca,Ce,U,Th)(Ti,Nb,Ta)2O6
Dana No: 08.03.08.01 Strunz No: 04.DG.05
Locality:

Notes: