Levinsonite-(Y) Mineral Data

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General Levinsonite-(Y) Information
Help on Chemical Formula: Chemical Formula: (Y,Nd,La)Al(SO4)2(C2O4)·12(H2O)
Help on Composition: Composition: Molecular Weight = 623.48 gm
   Lanthanum    2.23 %  La    2.61 % La2O3
   Samarium     2.41 %  Sm    2.80 % Sm2O3
   Gadolinium   2.52 %  Gd    2.91 % Gd2O3
   Yttrium      4.28 %  Y     5.43 % Y2O3
   Aluminum     4.33 %  Al    8.18 % Al2O3
   Hydrogen     3.88 %  H    34.67 % H2O
   Carbon       3.85 %  C    11.55 % C2O3
   Sulfur      10.29 %  S    25.68 % SO3
   Neodymium    4.63 %  Nd    5.40 % Nd2O3
   Oxygen      61.59 %  O
              ______        ______ 
              100.00 %       99.23 % = TOTAL OXIDE
Help on Empirical Formula: Empirical Formula: Y0.3Nd0.2La0.1Sm0.1Gd0.1Al(SO4)2(C2O4)·12(H2O)
Help on Environment: Environment: Supergene assemblage formed from weathering of pyritiferous phyllite. The yttrium dominant analog of Coskrenite-(Ce) but structurally different.
Help on IMA Status: IMA Status: Approved IMA 1996 (Dana # Added)
Help on Locality: Locality: Alum Cave Bluff, Great Smoky Mountains Park, Tennessee, USA. Link to MinDat.org Location Data.
Help on Name Origin: Name Origin: Named for Al A. Levinson of the University of Calgary, who is the originator of the nomenclature system used by REE minerals.
Help on Synonym: Synonym: IMA1996-057
 

Levinsonite-(Y) Image

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Levinsonite-(Y)

Comments: Colorless thick tabular crystal of levinsonite-(Y).
Location: Alum Cave Bluff, Great Smoky Mts, Tennessee, USA. Scale: Picture size 1 mm.
© Thomas Witzke / Abraxas-Verlag

Levinsonite-(Y) Crystallography
Help on Axial Ratios: Axial Ratios: a:b:c =1.1142:1:1.1928
Help on Cell Dimensions: Cell Dimensions: a = 10.289, b = 9.234, c = 11.015, Z = 2; beta = 108.5° V = 992.44 Den(Calc)= 2.09
Help on Crystal System: Crystal System: Monoclinic - PrismaticH-M Symbol (2/m) Space Group: P 2/n
Help on X Ray Diffraction: X Ray Diffraction: By Intensity(I/Io): 9.3(1)(010), 6.28(0.9)(111), 4.89(0.6)(200),4.09(0.5)(121), 5.2(0.4)(111), 2.518(0.3)(402,014,123,22.747(0.3)(131,321,
 

Physical Properties of Levinsonite-(Y)

Help on Cleavage: Cleavage: [101] Perfect
Help on Color: Color: Colorless.
Help on Diaphaniety: Diaphaniety: Transparent
Help on Fracture: Fracture: Brittle - Irregular - Very brittle fracture producing irregular fragments
Help on Habit: Habit: Prismatic - Crystals Shaped like Slender Prisms (e.g. tourmaline).
Help on Habit: Habit: Water Soluble - Water soluble mineral.
Help on Luster: Luster: Vitreous (Glassy)
Help on Streak: Streak: white
 

Optical Properties of Levinsonite-(Y)

Help on Gladstone-Dale: Gladstone-Dale: CI calc= -0.166 (Poor) - where the CI = (1-KPDcalc/KC)
KPDcalc= 0.2424,KC= 0.208
Help on Optical Data: Optical Data: Biaxial (+), a=1.48, b=1.49, g=1.55, bire=0.0700, 2V(Calc)=46, 2V(Meas)=7. Dispersion none.
 

Calculated Properties of Levinsonite-(Y)

Help on Electron Density: Electron Density:

relectron=2.11 gm/cc
note: rLevinsonite-(Y) =2.09 gm/cc.
Help on Fermion Index Fermion Index Fermion Index = 0.03542
Boson Index = 0.96458
Help on Photoelectric: Photoelectric:

PELevinsonite-(Y) = 69.47 barns/electron
U=PELevinsonite-(Y) x relectron= 146.70 barns/cc.
Help on Radioactivity: Radioactivity:

GRapi = 12,853.24 (Gamma Ray American Petroleum Institute Units)

Levinsonite-(Y) is Radioactive as defined in 49 CFR 173.403. Greater than 70 Bq / gram.

Estimated Radioactivity from Levinsonite-(Y) - weak
Specimen
Size
Weight/Volume
(Sphere) *		 Calculated
Activity
Bequerols
(Bq)		 Calculated
Activity
Curies (Ci)		 Estimated
Activity
GR(api)		 Estimated
Exposure
(mRem**)/hr
If Held in Hand
For One Hour
1000 gm / 9.70 cm 267,126 7.22E-06 12,853.24 4.23
100 gm / 4.50 cm 26,713 7.22E-07 1,285.32 0.42
10 gm / 2.09 cm 2,671 7.22E-08 128.53 0.04
1 gm / 9.70 mm 267 7.22E-09 12.85 0.00
0.1 gm / 4.50 mm 27 7.22E-10 1.29 0.00
0.01 gm / 2.09 mm 3 7.22E-11 0.13 0.00
0.001 gm / 0.97 mm 0 7.22E-12 0.01 0.00

Weight of pure Levinsonite-(Y) in grams (gm) and Calculated Diameter of a Sphere with a Density of 2.09 gm/cc.*
Goverment Estimate of Average Annual Exposure ( 360 mRem) **
Note: 10 microsieverts/hr = 1 mRem/hr **
Max Permissable Adult Dose 50,000 mRem/yr (hands), 15,000 mRem/yr (eyes)
Lethal Dose LD(50) Exposure 400,000 to 500,000 mRem
Estimated Thorium Activity ( 0.59 % Th) From Sum REE Elements (11.79 % REE)
 

Levinsonite-(Y) Classification
Help on Dana Class: Dana Class: 50.1.9.3 (50)Salts of Organic Acids
  (50.1)(Oxalates)
  (50.1.9)Dana Group
 
50.1.9.1 Zugshunstite-(Ce)! (Ce,Nd,La)Al(SO4)2(C2O4)·8(H2O) C 2/c 2/m
 
50.1.9.2 Coskrenite-(Ce)! (Ce,Nd,La)2(SO4)2(C2O4)·8(H2O) C 2/c 2/m
 
50.1.9.3 Levinsonite-(Y) ! (Y,Nd,La)Al(SO4)2(C2O4)·12(H2O) P 2/n 2/m
Help on Strunz Class: Strunz Class: IX/A.01-120 IX - Organic compunds
  IX/A - Oxalates. Salts from organic acids. [C2O4]2- arranged after increasing cation size
  IX/A.01 - Whewellite - Wheatleyite series
 
IX/A.01-05 Natroxalate! Na2C2O4 P 21/a 2/m
 
IX/A.01-10 Whewellite Ca(C2O4)·(H2O) P 21/n 2/m
 
IX/A.01-20 Weddellite Ca(C2O4)·2(H2O) I 4/m 4/m
 
IX/A.01-25 Caoxite! Ca(C2O4)·3(H2O) P1 1
 
IX/A.01-28 Novgorodovaite! Ca2(C2O4)Cl2·2(H2O) I2/m 2/m
 
IX/A.01-30 Oxammite (NH4)2(C2O4)·(H2O) P 21212 2 2 2
 
IX/A.01-40 Glushinskite Mg(C2O4)·2(H2O) C 2/c 2/m
 
IX/A.01-50 Humboldtine Fe(C2O4)·2(H2O) I2/a 2/m
 
IX/A.01-55 Lindbergite! Mn(C2O4)·2(H2O) C 2/c 2/m
 
IX/A.01-60 Minguzzite K3Fe(C2O4)3·3(H2O) P 21/c 2/m
 
IX/A.01-70 Zhemchuzhnikovite NaMg(Al,Fe)(C2O4)3·8(H2O) Unk Trig
 
IX/A.01-80 Stepanovite NaMgFe(C2O4)3·8-9(H2O) Unk Trig
 
IX/A.01-90 Moolooite Cu(C2O4)·n(H2O)(n<1) Unk Ortho
 
IX/A.01-100 Wheatleyite Na2Cu(C2O4)2·2(H2O) P1 1
 
IX/A.01-110 Coskrenite-(Ce)! (Ce,Nd,La)2(SO4)2(C2O4)·8(H2O) C 2/c 2/m
 
IX/A.01-120 Levinsonite-(Y) (Y,Nd,La)Al(SO4)2(C2O4)·12(H2O) P 2/n 2/m
 
IX/A.01-130 Zugshunstite-(Ce)! (Ce,Nd,La)Al(SO4)2(C2O4)·8(H2O) C 2/c 2/m
 

Other Levinsonite-(Y) Information
Help on References: References: NAME( AmMin, Vol 86, p 1535) PHYS. PROP.(AmMin, Vol 86, p 1535) OPTIC PROP.(AmMin, Vol 86, p 1535)
Help on See Also: See Also: Links to other databases for Levinsonite-(Y) :
1 -Am. Min. Crystal Structure Database 2 -Athena 3 -Google Images 4 -Google Scholar 5 -Handbook of Mineralogy (UofA) 6 -MinDAT 7 -MinMax(Deutsch) 8 -MinMax(English) 9 -Mineralienatlas (Deutsch) 10 -QUT Mineral Atlas

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Levinsonite-(Y)

(Y,Nd,La)Al(SO4)2(C2O4)·12(H2O)
Dana No: 50.1.9.3 Strunz No: IX/A.01-120
Locality:

 

Notes:

 
 
   
 
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