General Hausmannite Information
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Chemical Formula: |
Mn++Mn+++2O4 |
Composition: |
Molecular Weight = 228.81 gm |
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Manganese 72.03 % Mn 103.50 % Mn2O3 |
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Oxygen 27.97 % O |
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______ ______ |
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100.00 % 103.50 % = TOTAL OXIDE |
Empirical Formula: |
Mn3+3O4 |
Environment: |
A primary mineral in hydrothermal veins. Also produced by metamorphism of manganiferous rocks. |
IMA Status: |
Valid Species (Pre-IMA) 1827 |
Locality: |
Ilmenau and nearby at Orenstock, in Thuringia, Germany. Link to MinDat.org Location Data. |
Name Origin: |
Named after the German mineralogist, J. F. L. Hausmann (1782-1859). |
Synonym: |
ICSD 68174 |
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PDF 24-734 |
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Hausmannite Image |
Images:
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Hausmannite Ephesite
Comments: Flesh-colored ephesite associated with dark brownish black hausmannite.
Location: Gloucester mine. Postmasburg, Cape province. S. Africa.
Scale: 5.5 x 5 cm.
© Fabre Minerals |
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Images:
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Hausmannite
Comments: Black hausmannite crystals with minor brucite.
Location: Wessels Mine, Kalahari, South Africa.
Scale: 6.5 x 6 cm.
© John Veevaert |
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Hausmannite Crystallography
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Axial Ratios: |
a:c = 1:1.63888 |
Cell Dimensions: |
a = 5.76, c = 9.44, Z = 4; V = 313.20 Den(Calc)= 4.85 |
Crystal System: |
Tetragonal - Ditetragonal DipyramidalH-M Symbol (4/m 2/m 2/m) Space Group: I 41/amd |
X Ray Diffraction: |
By Intensity(I/Io): 2.49(1), 2.77(0.9), 1.544(0.8), |
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Crystal Structure:
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Baron V , Gutzmer J , Rundlof H , Tellgren R , American Mineralogist , 83 (1998) p.786-793, The influence of iron substitution on the magnetic properties of hausmannite,, Mn(Fe,Mn)2O4, Sample at T = 295 K, natural
View Additional jPOWD Structure files for Hausmannite
[1]
[2]
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Physical Properties of Hausmannite
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Cleavage: |
[001] Perfect |
Color: |
Brownish black, Grayish. |
Density: |
4.7 - 4.84, Average = 4.76 |
Diaphaniety: |
Opaque |
Fracture: |
Uneven - Flat surfaces (not cleavage) fractured in an uneven pattern. |
Habit: |
Massive - Granular - Common texture observed in granite and other igneous rock. |
Habit: |
Pseudo Octohedral - Crystals show an octohedral outline. |
Hardness: |
5.5 - Knife Blade |
Luminescence: |
None. |
Luster: |
Sub Metallic |
Magnetism: |
Nonmagnetic |
Streak: |
dark reddish brown |
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Optical Properties of Hausmannite
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Dichroism (e): |
dark gray. |
Dichroism (w): |
light gray. |
Gladstone-Dale: |
CI meas= 0.122 (Poor) - where the CI = (1-KPDmeas/KC) CI calc= 0.136 (Poor) - where the CI = (1-KPDcalc/KC)
KPDcalc= 0.2691,KPDmeas= 0.2736,KC= 0.3115 |
Optical Data: |
Uniaxial (-), e=2.15, w=2.46, bire=0.3100. |
RL Anisotrophism: |
Distinct. |
RL Bireflectance: |
Weak. |
RL Color: |
Gray, with deep blood red to reddish brown internal reflections. |
Reflectivity |
Standardized Intensity (100%) Reflection Spectra of Hausmannite in Air
| λ |
R1 |
R2 |
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∑ R1(λ) |
∑ R2(λ) |
| 400 nm |
21.50 |
18.80 |

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| 420 nm |
21.20 |
18.40 |

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| 440 nm |
20.90 |
17.90 |

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| 460 nm |
20.70 |
17.50 |

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| 480 nm |
20.50 |
17.20 |

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| 500 nm |
20.40 |
17.00 |

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| 520 nm |
20.40 |
16.70 |

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| 540 nm |
20.30 |
16.40 |

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| 560 nm |
20.10 |
16.10 |

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| 580 nm |
20.10 |
15.90 |

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| 600 nm |
20.00 |
15.70 |

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| 620 nm |
19.90 |
15.50 |

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| 640 nm |
19.90 |
15.40 |

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| 660 nm |
19.80 |
15.20 |

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| 680 nm |
19.80 |
15.10 |

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| 700 nm |
19.70 |
14.90 |

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Calculated Relative Intensity Colors of Hausmannite in Air
Relative Intensity |
0% |
60% |
100% |
120% |
180% |
240% |
300% |
360% |
420% |
480% |
540% |
560% |
| R1 |
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| R2 |
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Calculated Properties of Hausmannite
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Electron Density: |
relectron=4.46 gm/cc note: rHausmannite =4.77 gm/cc. |
Fermion Index |
Fermion Index = 0.00013 Boson Index = 0.99987 |
Photoelectric: |
PEHausmannite = 19.02 barns/electron U=PEHausmannite x relectron= 84.86 barns/cc. |
Radioactivity: |
GRapi = 0 (Gamma Ray American Petroleum Institute Units) Hausmannite is Not Radioactive |
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Hausmannite Classification
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Dana Class: |
7.2.7.1 (7)Multiple Oxides |
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(7.2)(A+ B++)2 X4 Spinel group |
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(7.2.7)Dana Group |
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7.2.7.1 Hausmannite MnMn2O4 I 41/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m |
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7.2.7.2 Hetaerolite ZnMn2O4 I 41/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m |
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7.2.7.3 Hydrohetaerolite Zn2Mn4O8·(H2O) I 41/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m |
Strunz Class: |
IV/B.05-10 IV - Oxides |
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IV/B - Oxides with metal : oxygen = 3:4 (spinel type M3O4 and related) |
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IV/B.05 - Hausmannite - Filipstadite series |
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IV/B.05-10 Hausmannite MnMn2O4 I 41/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m |
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IV/B.05-20 Iwakiite Mn(Fe,Mn)2O4 P 41/nnm 4/m 2/m 2/m |
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IV/B.05-30 Donathite? (Fe,Mg)(Cr,Fe)2O4 P 4/nnm 4/m 2/m 2/m |
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IV/B.05-40 Hetaerolite ZnMn2O4 I 41/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m |
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IV/B.05-50 Hydrohetaerolite Zn2Mn4O8·(H2O) I 41/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m |
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IV/B.05-60 Marokite CaMn2O4 Pmab 2/m 2/m 2/m |
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IV/B.05-65 Tegengrenite! (Mg,Mn)2Sb0.5(Mn,Si,Ti)0.5O4 R 3 or R 3- Trig |
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IV/B.05-80 Filipstadite (Mn,Mg)4SbFeO8 pseudo ISO 2/m 2/m 2/m |
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Other Hausmannite Information
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References: |
NAME( AntBidBlaNic3) PHYS. PROP.(Enc. of Minerals,2nd ed.,1990) OPTIC PROP.(AntBidBlaNic3) |
See Also: |
Links to other databases for Hausmannite :
1 -Am. Min. Crystal Structure Database
2 - Amethyst Galleries' Mineral Gallery
3 - Applied Mineralogy
4 -Athena
5 - Crocoite.com Mineral Locations
6 - EUROmin Project
7 - Franklin Minerals(Dunn)
8 -Google Images
9 -Google Scholar
10 -Handbook of Mineralogy (UofA)
11 - HyperPhysics
12 -MinDAT
13 -MinMax(Deutsch)
14 -MinMax(English)
15 -Mineralienatlas (Deutsch)
16 -QUT Mineral Atlas
17 - Scandinavian mineral gallery
18 - WWW-MINCRYST
19 -École des Mines de Paris
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Print or Cut-and-Paste your Hausmannite Specimen Label here :
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Hausmannite
Mn++Mn+++2O4
Dana No: 7.2.7.1 Strunz No: IV/B.05-10
Locality:
Notes:
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