General Wakefieldite-(Ce) Information
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Chemical Formula: |
(Ce+++,Pb++,Pb++++)VO4 |
Composition: |
Molecular Weight = 281.89 gm |
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Cerium 29.82 % Ce 34.93 % Ce2O3 |
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Vanadium 18.07 % V 32.26 % V2O5 |
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Lead 29.40 % Pb 23.75 % PbO / 8.49 % PbO2 |
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Oxygen 22.70 % O |
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______ ______ |
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100.00 % 99.43 % = TOTAL OXIDE |
Empirical Formula: |
Ce0.6Pb0.3Pb0.1(VO4) |
Environment: |
Found in the oxidation zone. |
IMA Status: |
Approved IMA 1977 |
Locality: |
Kusu deposit, 85 km SW of Kinshasa, Zaire. Link to MinDat.org Location Data. |
Name Origin: |
Renamed from kusuite in 1977 for the locality, changed to wakefieldite-Ce as the Ce analog of wakefieldite-Y. |
Synonym: |
ICSD 202425 |
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Kusuite |
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PDF 29-398 |
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Wakefieldite-(Ce) Image |
Images:
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Wakefieldite-(Ce) Crystallography
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Axial Ratios: |
a:c = 1:0.88224 |
Cell Dimensions: |
a = 7.354, c = 6.488, Z = 4; V = 350.88 Den(Calc)= 5.34 |
Crystal System: |
Tetragonal - Ditetragonal DipyramidalH-M Symbol (4/m 2/m 2/m) Space Group: I 41/amd |
X Ray Diffraction: |
By Intensity(I/Io): 3.678(1), 2.766(0.9), 1.891(0.7), |
Crystal Structure:
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Baudracco-Gritti C , Quartieri S , Vezzalini G , Permingeat F , Pillard F , Rinaldi R , Bulletin de Mineralogie , 110 (1987) p.657-663, Une wakefieldite-(Ce) non plombifere: nouvelles donnees sur, l espece minerale correspondant a l orthovanadate de cerium
View Additional jPOWD Structure files for Wakefieldite-(Ce)
[1]
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Physical Properties of Wakefieldite-(Ce)
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Cleavage: |
None |
Color: |
Dark red, Black. |
Density: |
4.76 |
Diaphaniety: |
Translucent |
Habit: |
Prismatic - Crystals Shaped like Slender Prisms (e.g. tourmaline). |
Habit: |
Square - Occurs as square crystals in shape or outline. |
Hardness: |
4.5 - Between Fluorite and Apatite |
Luster: |
Vitreous - Adamantine |
Streak: |
rusty brown |
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Optical Properties of Wakefieldite-(Ce)
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Dichroism (w): |
yellow. |
Optical Data: |
Uniaxial (?), b=2. |
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Calculated Properties of Wakefieldite-(Ce)
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Electron Density: |
relectron=4.64 gm/cc note: rWakefieldite-(Ce) =5.34 gm/cc. |
Fermion Index |
Fermion Index = 0.06553 Boson Index = 0.93447 |
Photoelectric: |
PEWakefieldite-(Ce) = 680.98 barns/electron U=PEWakefieldite-(Ce) x relectron=3,163.16 barns/cc. |
Radioactivity: |
GRapi = 27,671.41 (Gamma Ray American Petroleum Institute Units)
Wakefieldite-(Ce) is Radioactive as defined in 49 CFR 173.403. Greater than 70 Bq / gram.
Estimated Radioactivity from Wakefieldite-(Ce) - weak
Specimen Size Weight/Volume (Sphere) * |
Calculated Activity Bequerols (Bq) |
Calculated Activity Curies (Ci) |
Estimated Activity GR(api) |
Estimated Exposure (mRem**)/hr If Held in Hand For One Hour |
| 1000 gm / 7.10 cm |
668,047 |
1.81E-05 |
27,671.41 |
9.10 |
| 100 gm / 3.29 cm |
66,805 |
1.81E-06 |
2,767.14 |
0.91 |
| 10 gm / 1.53 cm |
6,680 |
1.81E-07 |
276.71 |
0.09 |
| 1 gm / 7.10 mm |
668 |
1.81E-08 |
27.67 |
0.01 |
| 0.1 gm / 3.29 mm |
67 |
1.81E-09 |
2.77 |
0.00 |
| 0.01 gm / 1.53 mm |
7 |
1.81E-10 |
0.28 |
0.00 |
| 0.001 gm / 0.71 mm |
1 |
1.81E-11 |
0.03 |
0.00 |
Weight of pure Wakefieldite-(Ce) in grams (gm) and Calculated Diameter of a Sphere with a Density of 5.34 gm/cc.*
Goverment Estimate of Average Annual Exposure (
360 mRem)
**
Note: 10 microsieverts/hr = 1 mRem/hr **
Max Permissable Adult Dose 50,000 mRem/yr (hands), 15,000 mRem/yr (eyes)
Lethal Dose LD(50) Exposure 400,000 to 500,000 mRem
Estimated Thorium Activity ( 1.49 % Th) From Sum REE Elements (29.82 % REE)
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Wakefieldite-(Ce) Classification
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Dana Class: |
38.4.11.4 (38)Anhydrous Phosphates, etc |
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(38.4)A+ XO4 |
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(38.4.11)Zenotime Group (Tetragonal: I41/amd) |
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38.4.11.1 Xenotime-(Y) YPO4 I 41/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m |
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38.4.11.2 Chernovite-(Y) YAsO4 I 41/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m |
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38.4.11.3 Wakefieldite-(Y) YVO4 I 41/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m |
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38.4.11.4 Wakefieldite-(Ce) (Ce,Pb,Pb)VO4 I 41/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m |
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38.4.11.5 Pretulite! ScPO4 I 41/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m |
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38.4.11.6 Xenotime-(Yb)! YbPO4 I 41/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m |
Strunz Class: |
VII/A.14-40 VII - Phosphates, Arsenates and Vanadates |
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VII/A - Waterfree phosphates [PO4]3- without unfamiliar anions, cations of very big size: Ca, Na and andre |
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VII/A.14 - Xenotime-(Y) - Wakefieldite-(Ce) series |
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VII/A.14-05 Pretulite! ScPO4 I 41/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m |
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VII/A.14-08 Xenotime-(Yb)! YbPO4 I 41/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m |
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VII/A.14-10 Xenotime-(Y) YPO4 I 41/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m |
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VII/A.14-20 Chernovite-(Y) YAsO4 I 41/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m |
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VII/A.14-25 Chernovite-(Ce)* (Ce,Y)(AsO4) I 41/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m |
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VII/A.14-30 Wakefieldite-(Y) YVO4 I 41/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m |
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VII/A.14-40 Wakefieldite-(Ce) (Ce,Pb,Pb)VO4 I 41/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m |
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Other Wakefieldite-(Ce) Information
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References: |
NAME( Dana8) PHYS. PROP.(Dana8) OPTIC PROP.(Dana8) |
See Also: |
Links to other databases for Wakefieldite-(Ce) :
1 -Am. Min. Crystal Structure Database
2 -Athena
3 - EUROmin Project
4 -Google Images
5 -Google Scholar
6 -Handbook of Mineralogy (UofA)
7 -MinDAT
8 -MinMax(Deutsch)
9 -MinMax(English)
10 -Mineralienatlas (Deutsch)
11 -QUT Mineral Atlas
12 - WWW-MINCRYST
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Print or Cut-and-Paste your Wakefieldite-(Ce) Specimen Label here :
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Wakefieldite-(Ce)
(Ce+++,Pb++,Pb++++)VO4
Dana No: 38.4.11.4 Strunz No: VII/A.14-40
Locality:
Notes:
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