Thorogummite Mineral Data

Mineral of the Month Club - An Inexpensive Way to Enjoy Minerals

General Thorogummite Information

Chemical Formula:

Th(SiO4)1-x(OH)4x

Composition:

Molecular Weight = 321.72 gm

Thorium 72.13 % Th 82.07 % ThO₂

Silicon 7.86 % Si 16.81 % SiO₂

Hydrogen 0.13 % H 1.12 % H₂O

Oxygen 19.89 % O

______ ______

100.00 % 100.00 % = TOTAL OXIDE

Empirical Formula:

Th(SiO₄)_0.9(OH)_0.4

IMA Status:

Valid Species (Pre-IMA) 1889

Locality:

Llano County, Texas, USA. Link to MinDat.org Location Data.

Name Origin:

Named after gummite and the element thorium.

Name Pronunciation:

Thorogummite + Pronunciation

Synonym:

Mackintoshite

Thorogummite Image

Images:

Thorogummite

Comments: Yellow-tan resinous thorogummite with calcite.
Location: Fort Dauphin, Toliara, Madagascar. Scale: See Photo.
© Jeff Weissman / Photographic Guide to Mineral Species

Images:

Thorogummite

Comments: Pale tan to yellowish thorogummite pseudomorphous after thorite in matrix.
Location: Fort Dauphin (Tôlanaro) area, Toliara (Tuléar) Province, Madagascar. Scale: Picture size 5 mm.
© Paul M. Schumacher

Thorogummite Crystallography

Axial Ratios:

a:c = 1:0.88568

Cell Dimensions:

a = 7.068, c = 6.26, Z = 3; V = 312.73 Den(Calc)= 5.12

Crystal System:

Tetragonal - Ditetragonal DipyramidalH-M Symbol (4/m 2/m 2/m) Space Group: I 4₁/amd

$Help on X Ray Diffraction:$ X Ray Diffraction:

By Intensity(I/I_o): 3.537(1), 4.695(0.9), 2.653(0.6),

Physical Properties of Thorogummite

Color:

Brown, Greenish gray, Buff, White, Black.

Density:

5.4

Diaphaneity:

Opaque

Habit:

Massive - Uniformly indistinguishable crystals forming large masses.

Hardness:

5.5 - Knife Blade

Luminescence:

Non-fluorescent.

Luster:

Vitreous - Dull

Optical Properties of Thorogummite

Gladstone-Dale:

CI meas= 0.379 (Poor) - where the CI = (1-KPDmeas/KC)
CI calc= 0.345 (Poor) - where the CI = (1-KPDcalc/KC)
KPDcalc= 0.1152,KPDmeas= 0.1093,KC= 0.1758
Ncalc = 1.9 - 1.95

Optical Data:

Isotropic, n=1.54-1.64.

Calculated Properties of Thorogummite

Electron Density:

Bulk Density (Electron Density)=4.30 gm/cc
note: Specific Gravity of Thorogummite =5.12 gm/cc.

Fermion Index:

Fermion Index = 0.0037655746
Boson Index = 0.9962344254

Photoelectric:

PE_Thorogummite=1,808.10 barns/electron
U=PE_Thorogummite x r_electron=7,769.33 barns/cc.

Radioactivity:

GRapi = 1,291,329.08 (Gamma Ray American Petroleum Institute Units)
Concentration of Thorogummite per GRapi unit = 774.40 (PPB)

Thorogummite is Radioactive as defined in 49 CFR 173.403. Greater than 70 Bq / gram.

Estimated Maximum U.S. Postal Shipping Size (10 mRem/hr limit, Unshielded 10 cm box) 23.55 ± 5.89 grams of pure Thorogummite .
Estimated Maximum U.S. Postal Shipping Size (10 mRem/hr limit, Unshielded 100 cm box) 2355.5 ±588.86 grams of pure Thorogummite .

**Estimated Radioactivity from Thorogummite** - very strong
Specimen Size Weight/Volume (Sphere) *	Calculated Activity Bequerols (Bq)	Calculated Activity Curies (Ci)	Estimated Activity GR(api)	Estimated Exposure (mRem**)/hr If Held in Hand For One Hour
1000 gm / 7.20 cm	32,312,078	8.73E-04	1,291,329.08	424.55
100 gm / 3.34 cm	3,231,208	8.73E-05	129,132.91	42.45
10 gm / 1.55 cm	323,121	8.73E-06	12,913.29	4.25
1 gm / 7.20 mm	32,312	8.73E-07	1,291.33	0.42
0.1 gm / 3.34 mm	3,231	8.73E-08	129.13	0.04
0.01 gm / 1.55 mm	323	8.73E-09	12.91	0.00
0.001 gm / 0.72 mm	32	8.73E-10	1.29	0.00

Weight of pure Thorogummite in grams (gm) and Calculated Diameter of a Sphere with a Density of 5.12 gm/cc.*
Goverment Estimate of Average Annual Exposure ( 360 mRem) **
Note: 10 microsieverts/hr = 1 mRem/hr **
Max Permissable Adult Dose 50,000 mRem/yr (hands), 15,000 mRem/yr (eyes)
Lethal Dose LD(50) Exposure 400,000 to 500,000 mRem

Thorogummite Classification

Dana Class:

51.05.02.05 (51)Nesosilicate Insular SiO4 Groups Only

(51.05)with cations in >[6] coordination

(51.05.02)Zircon group

51.05.02.01 Zircon ZrSiO4 I 4₁/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m

51.05.02.02 Hafnon HfSiO4 I 4₁/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m

51.05.02.03 Thorite ThSiO4 I 4₁/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m

51.05.02.04 Coffinite U(SiO4)1-x(OH)4x I 4₁/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m

51.05.02.05 Thorogummite Th(SiO4)1-x(OH)4x I 4₁/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m

51.05.02.06 IMA2008-035! CeSiO4 I 4₁/amd 4mm

Strunz Class:

09.AD.30 09 - SILICATES (Germanates)

09.A - Nesosilicates

09.AD -Nesosilicates without additional anions;

09.AD.30 Coffinite U(SiO4)1-x(OH)4x I 4₁/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m

09.AD.30 Hafnon HfSiO4 I 4₁/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m

09.AD.30 Thorite ThSiO4 I 4₁/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m

09.AD.30 Thorogummite Th(SiO4)1-x(OH)4x I 4₁/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m

09.AD.30 Zircon ZrSiO4 I 4₁/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m

09.AD.30 IMA2008-035! CeSiO4 I 4₁/amd 4mm

Other Thorogummite Information

References:

NAME( Ford32) PHYS. PROP.(Enc. of Minerals,2nd ed.,1990) OPTIC PROP.(Enc. of Minerals,2nd ed.,1990)

See Also:

Links to other databases for Thorogummite :
1 - Alkali-Nuts(English)
2 - Alkali-Nuts(Francais)
3 - Am. Min. Crystal Structure Database
4 - Amethyst Galleries' Mineral Gallery
5 - Athena
6 - EUROmin Project
7 - Ecole des Mines de Paris
8 - Google Images
9 - Google Scholar
10 - Handbook of Mineralogy (MinSocAm)
11 - Handbook of Mineralogy (UofA)
12 - MinDAT
13 - MinMax(Deutsch)
14 - MinMax(English)
15 - Mineral and Gemstone Kingdom
16 - Mineralienatlas (Deutsch)
17 - QUT Mineral Atlas
18 - Ruff.Info
19 - Uranium Minerals

Search for Thorogummite using:

[ALTAVISTA] [AOL] [All-The-Web] [HotBot] [Ixquick] [MAMMA] [MSN.COM] [Netscape] [Scirus] [Teoma] [Wikipedia] [YAHOO]

Visit our Advertisers for Thorogummite :

AA Mineral Specimens

B & L Fine Minerals

Crystalarium.com

Dan Weinrich Fine Minerals

Dan Weinrich Auctions

Dakota Matrix

Desert Winds Gems and Minerals

John Betts Fine Minerals

Mason's Minerals

Mineral News

Mineral of the Month Club

Wrights Rock Shop

Translate Thorogummite Mineral Data :

Ask about Thorogummite here :
Ask-A-Mineralogist from the Mineralogical Society of America
Mindat.org's Discussion Groups
Original Rockhounds Discussion Group
Rockhounds Discussion Group on Yahoo Groups
Mineral Discussion Forum from Fabre Minerals - also available in Español

Print or Cut-and-Paste your Thorogummite Specimen Label here :

Thorogummite

Th(SiO4)1-x(OH)4x
Dana No: 51.05.02.05 Strunz No: 09.AD.30
Locality:

Notes: