Kyanite Mineral Data

Kyanite Mineral Data +

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General Kyanite Information

Chemical Formula:

Al2SiO5 = Al[6]Al[6]OSiO4

Composition:

Molecular Weight = 162.05 gm

Aluminum 33.30 % Al 62.92 % Al₂O₃

Silicon 17.33 % Si 37.08 % SiO₂

Oxygen 49.37 % O

______ ______

100.00 % 100.00 % = TOTAL OXIDE

Empirical Formula:

Al₂SiO₅

Environment:

Metamorphosed peri-aluminous sedimentary rocks.

IMA Status:

Valid Species (Pre-IMA) 1789

Locality:

Common world wide. Link to MinDat.org Location Data.

Name Origin:

From the Greek kyanos = "blue."

Synonym:

Disthene

ICSD 27771

PDF Nov-46

Kyanite Image

Images:

Kyanite

Comments: Two terminated, bright blue crystals of kyanite in a white quartz matrix.
Location: Barra do Salinas, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Scale: 9.5 x 4 x 4 cm.
© Isaias Casanova / IC Minerals

Images:

Kyanite

Comments: Cluster of 4, green, gemmy, fluorescent blades of kyanite.
Location: Pech, Afghanistan. Scale: 1.7 x 1.0 x 0.3 cm.
© Kieth Hayes

Kyanite Crystallography

Axial Ratios:

a:b:c =0.9066:1:0.7106

Cell Dimensions:

a = 7.112, b = 7.844, c = 5.574, Z = 4; alpha = 90.12°, beta = 101.1°, gamma = 105.9° V = 293.46 Den(Calc)= 3.67

Crystal System:

Triclinic - PinacoidalH-M Symbol ( 1) Space Group: P1

$Help on X Ray Diffraction:$ X Ray Diffraction:

By Intensity(I/I_o): 3.18(1), 1.38(0.75), 3.35(0.65),

Forms:

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Forms: [ 0 1 0] [ 1 1 0] [ 1 0 0] [ 0 0 1]

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Crystal Structure:

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Winter J K , Ghose S , American Mineralogist , 64 (1979) p.573-586, Thermal expansion and high-temperature crystal chemistry of the Al2SiO5, polymorphs, T = 25 deg C

View Additional jPOWD Structure files for Kyanite
[1] [10] [11] [12] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9]

Physical Properties of Kyanite

Cleavage:

[100] Perfect, [010] Imperfect

Color:

Blue, White, Gray, Green, Black.

Density:

3.56 - 3.67, Average = 3.61

Diaphaniety:

Translucent to transparent

Fracture:

Brittle - Generally displayed by glasses and most non-metallic minerals.

Habit:

Columnar - Forms columns

Habit:

Fibrous - Crystals made up of fibers.

Hardness:

4-7

Luminescence:

Non-fluorescent.

Luster:

Vitreous - Pearly

Streak:

white

Optical Properties of Kyanite

Gladstone-Dale:

CI meas= 0.036 (Excellent) - where the CI = (1-KPDmeas/KC)
CI calc= 0.05 (Good) - where the CI = (1-KPDcalc/KC)
KPDcalc= 0.1969,KPDmeas= 0.1999,KC= 0.2074

Optical Data:

Biaxial (-), a=1.712-1.718, b=1.72-1.725, g=1.727-1.734, bire=0.0150-0.0160, 2V(Calc)=84, 2V(Meas)=82. Dispersion weak, r > v.

Pleochroism (x):

colorless or colorless.

Pleochroism (y):

colorless or pale blue.

Pleochroism (z):

colorless or blue.

Calculated Properties of Kyanite

Electron Density:

r_electron=3.57 gm/cc
note: r_Kyanite=3.62 gm/cc.

Fermion Index

Fermion Index = 0.00833
Boson Index = 0.99167

Photoelectric:

PE_Kyanite= 1.64 barns/electron
U=PE_Kyanite x r_electron= 5.85 barns/cc.

Radioactivity:

GRapi = 0 (Gamma Ray American Petroleum Institute Units)

Kyanite is Not Radioactive

Kyanite Classification

Dana Class:

52.2.2c.1 (52)Nesosilicate Insular SiO4 Groups and O, OH, F, and H2O

(52.2)with cations in [4] and >[4] coordination

(52.2.2c)Al2SiO5 (Kyanite subgroup)

52.2.2c.1 Kyanite Al2SiO5=Al[6]Al[6]OSiO4 P1 1

Strunz Class:

VIII/B.02-40 VIII - Silicates

VIII/B - Nesosubsilicates, with anions unfamiliar to tetraheders, cations of octahedral and tetrahedral orientation [4/6]

VIII/B.02 - Disthene series

VIII/B.02-10 Sillimanite Al2SiO5=Al[6]Al[4]OSiO4 P nma 2/m 2/m 2/m

VIII/B.02-20 Andalusite Al2SiO5=Al[6]Al[5]OSiO4 Pnnm 2/m 2/m 2/m

VIII/B.02-30 Kanonaite (Mn,Al)AlSiO5 Pnnm 2/m 2/m 2/m

VIII/B.02-40 Kyanite Al2SiO5=Al[6]Al[6]OSiO4 P1 1

VIII/B.02-50 Mullite Al(42x)Si(2-2x)O(10-x)wherex=0.17to0.59 Pbam 2/m 2/m 2/m

VIII/B.02-60 Yoderite Mg2(Al,Fe)6Si4O18(OH)2 P 2₁ 2

VIII/B.02-70 Topaz Al2SiO4(F,OH)2 Pbnm 2/m 2/m 2/m

Other Kyanite Information

References:

NAME( Duda&Rejl90) PHYS. PROP.(Enc. of Minerals,2nd ed.,1990) OPTIC PROP.(Heinrich65)

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Kyanite

Al2SiO5 = Al[6]Al[6]OSiO4
Dana No: 52.2.2c.1 Strunz No: VIII/B.02-40
Locality:

Notes: