Huttonite Mineral Data

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General Huttonite Information

Chemical Formula:

ThSiO4

Composition:

Molecular Weight = 324.12 gm

Thorium 71.59 % Th 81.46 % ThO₂

Silicon 8.67 % Si 18.54 % SiO₂

Oxygen 19.74 % O

______ ______

100.00 % 100.00 % = TOTAL OXIDE

Empirical Formula:

Th(SiO₄)

Environment:

Detrital deposit.

IMA Status:

Valid Species (Pre-IMA) 1950

Locality:

In beach sands (New Zealand). Link to MinDat.org Location Data.

Name Origin:

Named for Colin Osborne Hutton (1910-1971), New Zealand-American mineralogist of Stanford University, Palo Alto, California, USA.

Name Pronunciation:

Huttonite + Pronunciation

Synonym:

ICSD 1614

PDF 34-188

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Huttonite Crystallography

Axial Ratios:

a:b:c =0.977:1:0.9396

Cell Dimensions:

a = 6.8, b = 6.96, c = 6.54, Z = 4; beta = 104.99° V = 298.99 Den(Calc)= 7.20

Crystal System:

Monoclinic - PrismaticH-M Symbol (2/m) Space Group: P 2₁/n

$Help on X Ray Diffraction:$ X Ray Diffraction:

By Intensity(I/I_o): 3.09(1), 2.89(0.9), 4.23(0.75),

Crystal Structure:

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Taylor M , Ewing R C , Acta Crystallographica, Section B , 34 (1978) p.1074-1079, The crystal structure of the ThSiO4 polymorphs: huttonite and thorite, Locality: synthetic

Physical Properties of Huttonite

Cleavage:

{001} Distinct, {100} Indistinct

Color:

Colorless, Light yellow.

Density:

7.1

Diaphaneity:

Transparent

Fracture:

Conchoidal - Fractures developed in brittle materials characterized by smoothly curving surfaces, (e.g. quartz).

Hardness:

5 - Apatite

Luminescence:

Fluorescent, Short UV=dull white with pink tinge, Long UV=dull white with pink tinge.

Luster:

Adamantine

Streak:

white

Optical Properties of Huttonite

Gladstone-Dale:

CI meas= 0.269 (Poor) - where the CI = (1-KPDmeas/KC)
CI calc= 0.279 (Poor) - where the CI = (1-KPDcalc/KC)
KPDcalc= 0.1259,KPDmeas= 0.1277,KC= 0.1746
Ncalc = 2.24 - 2.26

Optical Data:

Biaxial (+), a=1.898, b=1.9, g=1.922, bire=0.0240

Pleochroism (x):

colorless.

Pleochroism (y):

colorless.

Pleochroism (z):

colorless.

Calculated Properties of Huttonite

Electron Density:

Bulk Density (Electron Density)=5.96 gm/cc
note: Specific Gravity of Huttonite =7.10 gm/cc.

Fermion Index:

Fermion Index = 0.0041421041
Boson Index = 0.9958578959

Photoelectric:

PE_Huttonite=1,794.84 barns/electron
U=PE_Huttonite x r_electron=10694.12 barns/cc.

Radioactivity:

GRapi = 1,281,657.69 (Gamma Ray American Petroleum Institute Units)
Concentration of Huttonite per GRapi unit = 780.24 (PPB)

Huttonite is Radioactive as defined in 49 CFR 173.403. Greater than 70 Bq / gram.

Estimated Maximum U.S. Postal Shipping Size (10 mRem/hr limit, Unshielded 10 cm box) 23.73 ± 5.93 grams of pure Huttonite .
Estimated Maximum U.S. Postal Shipping Size (10 mRem/hr limit, Unshielded 100 cm box) 2373.2 ±593.31 grams of pure Huttonite .

**Estimated Radioactivity from Huttonite** - very strong
Specimen Size Weight/Volume (Sphere) *	Calculated Activity Bequerols (Bq)	Calculated Activity Curies (Ci)	Estimated Activity GR(api)	Estimated Exposure (mRem**)/hr If Held in Hand For One Hour
1000 gm / 6.46 cm	32,072,283	8.67E-04	1,281,657.69	421.37
100 gm / 3.00 cm	3,207,228	8.67E-05	128,165.77	42.14
10 gm / 1.39 cm	320,723	8.67E-06	12,816.58	4.21
1 gm / 6.46 mm	32,072	8.67E-07	1,281.66	0.42
0.1 gm / 3.00 mm	3,207	8.67E-08	128.17	0.04
0.01 gm / 1.39 mm	321	8.67E-09	12.82	0.00
0.001 gm / 0.65 mm	32	8.67E-10	1.28	0.00

Weight of pure Huttonite in grams (gm) and Calculated Diameter of a Sphere with a Density of 7.10 gm/cc.*
Goverment Estimate of Average Annual Exposure ( 360 mRem) **
Note: 10 microsieverts/hr = 1 mRem/hr **
Max Permissable Adult Dose 50,000 mRem/yr (hands), 15,000 mRem/yr (eyes)
Lethal Dose LD(50) Exposure 400,000 to 500,000 mRem

Huttonite Classification

Dana Class:

51.05.03.01 (51)Nesosilicate Insular SiO4 Groups Only

(51.05)with cations in >[6] coordination

(51.05.03)Huttonite group

51.05.03.01 Huttonite ThSiO4 P 2₁/n 2/m

51.05.03.02 Tombarthite-(Y) Y4(Si,H4)4O12-x(OH)42x P 2₁/n 2/m

Strunz Class:

09.AD.35 09 - SILICATES (Germanates)

09.A - Nesosilicates

09.AD -Nesosilicates without additional anions;

09.AD.35 Huttonite ThSiO4 P 2₁/n 2/m

09.AD.35 Tombarthite-(Y) Y4(Si,H4)4O12-x(OH)42x P 2₁/n 2/m

Other Huttonite Information

References:

NAME( AntBidBlaNic2) PHYS. PROP.(Enc. of Minerals,2nd ed.,1990) OPTIC PROP.(Enc. of Minerals,2nd ed.,1990)

See Also:

Links to other databases for Huttonite :
1 - Am. Min. Crystal Structure Database
2 - Athena
3 - EUROmin Project
4 - Ecole des Mines de Paris
5 - Google Images
6 - Google Scholar
7 - Handbook of Mineralogy (MinSocAm)
8 - Handbook of Mineralogy (UofA)
9 - MinDAT
10 - MinMax(Deutsch)
11 - MinMax(English)
12 - Mineral and Gemstone Kingdom
13 - Mineralienatlas (Deutsch)
14 - QUT Mineral Atlas
15 - Ruff.Info
16 - Uranium Minerals
17 - WWW-MINCRYST

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Huttonite

ThSiO4
Dana No: 51.05.03.01 Strunz No: 09.AD.35
Locality:

Notes: