Hanksite Mineral Data

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General Hanksite Information

Chemical Formula:

KNa22(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl

Composition:

Molecular Weight = 1,564.92 gm

Potassium 2.50 % K 3.01 % K₂O

Sodium 32.32 % Na 43.57 % Na₂O

Carbon 1.54 % C 5.62 % CO₂

Sulfur 18.44 % S 46.05 % SO₃

Chlorine 2.27 % Cl 2.27 % Cl

- % Cl -0.51 % -O=Cl₂

Oxygen 42.94 % O

______ ______

100.00 % 100.00 % = TOTAL OXIDE

Empirical Formula:

KNa₂₂(SO₄)₉(CO₃)₂Cl

Environment:

Continental evaporite deposits.

IMA Status:

Valid Species (Pre-IMA) 1885

Locality:

Searles Lake, San Bernardino Co. California. Link to MinDat.org Location Data.

Name Origin:

Named for H. G. Hanks, American geologist.

Name Pronunciation:

Hanksite

Synonym:

ICSD 2852

PDF 25-1348

Hanksite Image

Images:

Hanksite

Comments: Translucent, hexagonal crystal of hanksite.
Location: Searles Lake, San Bernardino Co., California, USA. Scale: Crystal size 3 cm.
© Dave Barthelmy

Hanksite Crystallography

Axial Ratios:

a:c = 1:2.02483

Cell Dimensions:

a = 10.47, c = 21.2, Z = 2; V = 2,012.61 Den(Calc)= 2.58

Crystal System:

Hexagonal - DipyramidalH-M Symbol (6/m) Space Group: P 6₃/m

$Help on X Ray Diffraction:$ X Ray Diffraction:

By Intensity(I/I_o): 2.61(1), 2.78(1), 3.78(1),

Forms:

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Forms: ( 1 0 0) ( 1 0 1)

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Crystal Structure:

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Araki T , Zoltai T , American Mineralogist , 58 (1973) p.799-801, The crystal structure of hanksite

Physical Properties of Hanksite

Cleavage:

{0001} Good

Color:

Colorless, Gray, Grayish black, Yellow, Yellowish white.

Density:

2.5

Diaphaneity:

Transparent

Fracture:

Conchoidal - Fractures developed in brittle materials characterized by smoothly curving surfaces, (e.g. quartz).

Habit:

Crystalline - Coarse - Occurs as well-formed coarse sized crystals.

Hardness:

3 - Calcite

Luminescence:

Fluorescent, Long UV=weak yellow.

Luster:

Vitreous - Greasy

Magnetism:

Nonmagnetic

Streak:

white

Optical Properties of Hanksite

Gladstone-Dale:

CI meas= 0.004 (Superior) - where the CI = (1-KPDmeas/KC)
CI calc= 0.035 (Excellent) - where the CI = (1-KPDcalc/KC)
KPDcalc= 0.1826,KPDmeas= 0.1884,KC= 0.1892
Ncalc = 1.47 - 1.49

Optical Data:

Uniaxial (-), e=1.461, w=1.481, bire=0.0200.

Calculated Properties of Hanksite

Electron Density:

Bulk Density (Electron Density)=2.46 gm/cc
note: Specific Gravity of Hanksite =2.50 gm/cc.

Fermion Index:

Fermion Index = 0.0017610757
Boson Index = 0.9982389243

Photoelectric:

PE_Hanksite= 2.04 barns/electron
U=PE_Hanksite x r_electron= 5.03 barns/cc.

Radioactivity:

GRapi = 35.47 (Gamma Ray American Petroleum Institute Units)
Concentration of Hanksite per GRapi unit = 2.82 (%)

Estimated Radioactivity from Hanksite - barely detectable

Hanksite Classification

Dana Class:

32.03.01.01 (32)Compound Sulfates

(32.03)(anhydrous) with poly-anionic formula

(32.03.01)Dana Group

32.03.01.01 Hanksite KNa22(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl P 6₃/m 6/m

Strunz Class:

07.BD.30 07 - SULFATES (SELENATES, TELLURATES)

07.B - Sulfates (selenates, etc.) with Additional Anions, without H2O

07.BD -With only large cations

07.BD.30 Hanksite KNa22(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl P 6₃/m 6/m

Other Hanksite Information

References:

NAME( MinRec) PHYS. PROP.(Enc. of Minerals,2nd ed.,1990) OPTIC PROP.(Enc. of Minerals,2nd ed.,1990)

See Also:

Links to other databases for Hanksite :
1 - Am. Min. Crystal Structure Database
2 - Amethyst Galleries' Mineral Gallery
3 - Athena
4 - EUROmin Project
5 - Ecole des Mines de Paris
6 - GeoScienceWorld
7 - Glendale Community College
8 - Google Images
9 - Google Scholar
10 - Handbook of Mineralogy (MinSocAm)
11 - Handbook of Mineralogy (UofA)
12 - MinDAT
13 - Mineralienatlas (Deutsch)
14 - Online Mineral Museum
15 - QUT Mineral Atlas
16 - Ruff.Info
17 - WWW-MINCRYST

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Print or Cut-and-Paste your Hanksite Specimen Label here :

Hanksite

KNa22(SO4)9(CO3)2Cl
Dana No: 32.03.01.01 Strunz No: 07.BD.30
Locality:

Notes: