Livingstonite Mineral Data

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General Livingstonite Information

Chemical Formula:

HgSb4S8

Composition:

Molecular Weight = 944.12 gm

Mercury 21.25 % Hg

Antimony 51.58 % Sb

Sulfur 27.17 % S

______

100.00 %

Empirical Formula:

HgSb₄S₈

Environment:

In low-temperature hydrothermal veins.

IMA Status:

Valid Species (Pre-IMA)

Locality:

Huitzuco de los Figueroa (Huitzuco), Mun. de Huitzuco, Guerrero, Mexico. Link to MinDat.org Location Data.

Name Origin:

Named after the Scottish explorer and missionary, David Livingstone (1813-1873).

Name Pronunciation:

Livingstonite + Pronunciation

Synonym:

ICSD 60144

PDF 36-416

Livingstonite Image

Images:

Livingstonite

Comments: Dark brown, acicular-columnar crystals of livingstonite in anhydrite.
Location: Guerrero, Mexico. Scale: 2x3 cm.
© Dave Barthelmy

Livingstonite Crystallography

Axial Ratios:

a:b:c =7.6005:1:5.4271

Cell Dimensions:

a = 30.25, b = 3.98, c = 21.6, Z = 8; beta = 104.167° V = 2,521.44 Den(Calc)= 4.97

Crystal System:

Monoclinic - PrismaticH-M Symbol (2/m) Space Group: A2/a

$Help on X Ray Diffraction:$ X Ray Diffraction:

By Intensity(I/I_o): 2.99(1), 3.47(0.7), 3.73(0.7),

Crystal Structure:

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Niizeki N , Buerger M J , Zeitschrift fur Kristallographie , 109 (1957) p.129-157, The crystal structure of livingstonite, HgSb4S8, Locality: Guerrido, Mexico

View Additional jPOWD Structure files for Livingstonite
[1]

Physical Properties of Livingstonite

Cleavage:

{010} Perfect, {100} Perfect

Color:

Steel gray, Lead gray.

Density:

4.81 - 4.9, Average = 4.85

Diaphaneity:

Opaque to subtranslucent

Fracture:

Uneven - Flat surfaces (not cleavage) fractured in an uneven pattern.

Habit:

Columnar - Forms columns

Habit:

Fibrous - Crystals made up of fibers.

Habit:

Radial - Crystals radiate from a center without producing stellar forms (e.g. stibnite)

Hardness:

2 - Gypsum

Luster:

Sub Metallic

Streak:

red

Optical Properties of Livingstonite

Optical Data:

Biaxial (-), b=2.72-2.8

Pleochroism (y):

red.

RL Color:

White with deep red internal reflections.

Reflectivity

**Standardized Intensity (100%) Reflection Spectra of Livingstonite in Air**
λ	R₁	R₂	∑ R₁(λ)	∑ R₂(λ)
400 nm	33.20	42.20
420 nm	33.00	42.60
440 nm	32.80	43.00
460 nm	32.40	43.10
480 nm	31.90	43.00
500 nm	31.40	42.40
520 nm	30.80	41.50
540 nm	30.40	40.50
560 nm	30.10	39.70
580 nm	29.70	39.00
600 nm	29.50	38.40
620 nm	29.20	37.70
640 nm	28.80	37.00
660 nm	28.40	36.10
680 nm	27.80	35.10
700 nm	27.20	34.20

**Calculated Relative Intensity Colors of Livingstonite in Air**
Relative Intensity	0%	40%	80%	100%	120%	160%	200%	240%	280%	300%
R₁
R₂

Calculated Properties of Livingstonite

Electron Density:

Bulk Density (Electron Density)=4.34 gm/cc
note: Specific Gravity of Livingstonite =4.97 gm/cc.

Fermion Index:

Fermion Index = 0.06
Boson Index = 0.94

Photoelectric:

PE_{Livingstonite}= 519.98 barns/electron
U=PE_{Livingstonite} x rElectron Density=2,255.52 barns/cc.

Radioactivity:

GRapi = 0 (Gamma Ray American Petroleum Institute Units)
Livingstonite is Not Radioactive

Livingstonite Classification

Dana Class:

03.07.11.01 (03)Sulfides - Sulfosalts

(03.07)where z/y = 2 - (A+)i (A++)j [By Cz], A=metals, B=semi-metals, C=non-metals

(03.07.11)Dana Group

03.07.11.01 Livingstonite HgSb4S8 A2/a 2/m

03.07.11.02 Grumiplucite! HgBi2S4 C 2/m 2/m

Strunz Class:

02.HA.15 02 - SULFIDES and SULFOSALTS (sulfides, selenides, tellurides; arsenides, antimonides, bismuthides; sulfarsenites, sulf

02.H - Sulfosalts of SnS Archetype

02.HA -With Cu, Ag, Fe (without Pb)

02.HA.15 Livingstonite HgSb4S8 A2/a 2/m

Other Livingstonite Information

References:

NAME( Duda&Rejl90) PHYS. PROP.(Enc. of Minerals,2nd ed.,1990) OPTIC PROP.(AntBidBlaNic1)

See Also:

Links to other databases for Livingstonite :
1 - Am. Min. Crystal Structure Database
2 - Athena
3 - EUROmin Project
4 - Ecole des Mines de Paris
5 - Google Images
6 - Google Scholar
7 - Handbook of Mineralogy (MinSocAm)
8 - Handbook of Mineralogy (UofA)
9 - MinDAT
10 - MinMax(Deutsch)
11 - MinMax(English)
12 - Mineralienatlas (Deutsch)
13 - QUT Mineral Atlas
14 - Ruff.Info
15 - WWW-MINCRYST

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Print or Cut-and-Paste your Livingstonite Specimen Label here :

Livingstonite

HgSb4S8
Dana No: 03.07.11.01 Strunz No: 02.HA.15
Locality:

Notes: