General Lead Information
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Chemical Formula: |
Pb |
Composition: |
Molecular Weight = 207.20 gm |
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Lead 100.00 % Pb |
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______ |
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100.00 % |
Empirical Formula: |
Pb |
Environment: |
Rare mineral of hydrothermal origin, and found in placers; possibly also formed by authigenic processes and known to replace tree roots. |
IMA Status: |
Valid Species (Pre-IMA) Prehistoric |
Locality: |
Langban, Sweden. Link to MinDat.org Location Data. |
Name Origin: |
Anglo-Saxon, lead; Latin plumbum. |
Synonym: |
ICSD 64808 |
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PDF 4-686 |
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Plumbum |
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Lead Image |
Images:
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Lead
Comments: Native lead sheet partially covering an actinolite schist.
Location: Garpenberg Norra, Hedemorra, Sweden.
Scale: 7.5 x 4.5 cm.
© John Veevaert |
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Images:
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Lead
Comments: Irregular mass of native lead from a lead-zinc-silver ore deposit.
Location: Broken Hill, NSW, Australia.
Scale: 8 cm across.
© Dave Barthelmy |
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Lead Crystallography
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Cell Dimensions: |
a = 4.9505, Z = 4; V = 121.32 Den(Calc)= 11.34 |
Crystal System: |
Isometric - HexoctahedralH-M Symbol (4/m 3 2/m) Space Group: F m3m |
X Ray Diffraction: |
By Intensity(I/Io): 2.855(1), 2.475(0.5), 1.493(0.32), |
Crystal Structure:
Mouse
drag1 - LMB Manipulate Structure
drag2 - RMB Resize/Rotate
Keyboard
S - Stereo Pair on/off
H - Help Screen
I - Data Info
A - Atoms On/Off
P - Polyhedra On/Off
B - Bonds On/Off
Help on Above
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Wyckoff R W G , Crystal Structures , 1 (1963) p.7-83, Second edition. Interscience Publishers, New York, New York, Cubic closest packed, ccp, structure
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Physical Properties of Lead
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Cleavage: |
None |
Color: |
Lead gray, Gray white. |
Density: |
11.37 |
Diaphaniety: |
Opaque |
Fracture: |
Malleable - Deforms rather than breaking apart with a hammer. |
Habit: |
Blocky - Crystal shape tends to be equant (e.g. feldspars). |
Hardness: |
2-2.5 - Gypsum-Finger Nail |
Luminescence: |
Non-fluorescent. |
Luster: |
Metallic |
Magnetism: |
Nonmagnetic |
Streak: |
lead gray |
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Optical Properties of Lead
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RL Color: |
Gray-white with a brownish tint and brownish red internal reflections. |
Reflectivity |
Standardized Intensity (100%) Reflection Spectra of Lead in Air
| λ |
R |
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∑ R(λ) |
| 400 nm |
45.60 |
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| 420 nm |
45.90 |
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| 440 nm |
46.20 |
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| 460 nm |
46.50 |
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| 480 nm |
46.90 |
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| 500 nm |
47.40 |
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| 520 nm |
48.10 |
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| 540 nm |
48.90 |
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| 560 nm |
49.70 |
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| 580 nm |
50.40 |
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| 600 nm |
51.00 |
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| 620 nm |
51.70 |
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| 640 nm |
52.50 |
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| 660 nm |
53.60 |
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| 680 nm |
55.20 |
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| 700 nm |
57.90 |
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Calculated Relative Intensity Colors of Lead in Air
Relative Intensity |
0% |
20% |
40% |
60% |
80% |
100% |
120% |
140% |
160% |
180% |
190% |
| R |
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Calculated Properties of Lead
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Electron Density: |
relectron=8.98 gm/cc note: rLead =11.3 gm/cc. |
Fermion Index |
Fermion Index = 0.221 Boson Index = 0.779 |
Photoelectric: |
PELead =1,939.41 barns/electron U=PELead x relectron=17407.53 barns/cc. |
Radioactivity: |
GRapi = 0 (Gamma Ray American Petroleum Institute Units) Lead is Not Radioactive |
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Lead Classification
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Dana Class: |
1.1.1.4 (1)Native Elements |
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(1.1)with metallic elements other than the platinum group |
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(1.1.1)Gold group |
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1.1.1.1 Gold Au F m3m 4/m 3 2/m |
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1.1.1.2 Silver Ag F m3m 4/m 3 2/m |
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1.1.1.3 Copper Cu F m3m 4/m 3 2/m |
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1.1.1.4 Lead Pb F m3m 4/m 3 2/m |
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1.1.1.5 Aluminum Al F m3m,P m3m 4/m 3 2/m |
Strunz Class: |
I/A.05-20 I - Elements |
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I/A - Metallic and intermetallic compounds, Carbides, Nitrides, Phosphides and Silicides |
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I/A.05 - Lead series |
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I/A.05-10 Indium In I 4/mmm 4/m 2/m 2/m |
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I/A.05-20 Lead Pb F m3m 4/m 3 2/m |
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I/A.05-30 Tin Sn I 41/amd 4/m 2/m 2/m |
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Other Lead Information
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References: |
NAME( AntBidBlaNic1) PHYS. PROP.(Enc. of Minerals,2nd ed.,1990) OPTIC PROP.(AntBidBlaNic1) |
See Also: |
Links to other databases for Lead :
1 - Alkali-Nuts(English)
2 - Alkali-Nuts(Francais)
3 -Am. Min. Crystal Structure Database
4 - Amethyst Galleries' Mineral Gallery
5 -Athena
6 - Crocoite.com Mineral Locations
7 - Franklin Minerals(Dunn)
8 - Franklin Minerals(Palache)
9 -Google Images
10 -Google Scholar
11 -Handbook of Mineralogy (UofA)
12 -MinDAT
13 -MinMax(Deutsch)
14 -MinMax(English)
15 - Mineral and Gemstone Kingdom
16 -Mineralienatlas (Deutsch)
17 -QUT Mineral Atlas
18 - Scandinavian mineral gallery
19 - WWW-MINCRYST
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Print or Cut-and-Paste your Lead Specimen Label here :
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Lead
Pb
Dana No: 1.1.1.4 Strunz No: I/A.05-20
Locality:
Notes:
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