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Minerals Arranged by X-Ray Powder Diffraction
See Help on X-Ray Diffraction.
Powder X-ray Diffraction (XRD) is one of the primary techniques used by mineralogists and solid state chemists to examine the physico-chemical make-up of unknown materials. This data is represented in a collection of single-phase X-ray powder diffraction patterns for the three most intense D values in the form of tables of interplanar spacings (D), relative intensities (I/Io), mineral name and chemical formulae
The XRD technique takes a sample of the material and places a powdered sample in a holder, then the sample is illuminated with x-rays of a fixed wave-length and the intensity of the reflected radiation is recorded using a goniometer. This data is then analyzed for the reflection angle to calculate the inter-atomic spacing (D value in Angstrom units - 10-8 cm). The intensity(I) is measured to discriminate (using I ratios) the various D spacings and the results are compared to this table to identify possible matches. Note: 2 theta (Θ) angle calculated from the Bragg Equation, 2 Θ = 2(arcsin(n λ/(2d)) where n=1;
For more information about this technique, see X-Ray Analysis of a Solid or take an internet course at Birkbeck College On-line Courses. Many thanks to Frederic Biret for these data.
|
Selected X-Ray λ |
Change X-Ray λ |
D1 Å |
D2 Å |
D3 Å |
Tolerance % |
Elements |
|---|
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| D1 Å (2θ) |
I1 %) |
D2 Å (2θ) |
I2 (%) |
D3 Å (2θ) |
I3 (%) |
Mineral | Formula |
| 4.540(19.54) | 100 | 1.518(60.99) | 80 | 9.600(9.20) | 80 | Ferripyrophyllite | Fe+++2Si4O10(OH)2 |
| 4.540(19.54) | 100 | 3.960(22.43) | 45 | 4.017(22.11) | 45 | Konyaite | Na2Mg(SO4)2•5(H2O) |
| 4.540(19.54) | 100 | 4.017(22.11) | 45 | 3.960(22.43) | 45 | Konyaite | Na2Mg(SO4)2•5(H2O) |
| 4.540(19.54) | 100 | 9.600(9.20) | 80 | 1.518(60.99) | 80 | Ferripyrophyllite | Fe+++2Si4O10(OH)2 |
| 4.550(19.49) | 100 | 3.150(28.31) | 80 | 2.280(39.49) | 80 | Gearksutite | CaAl(OH,F)5•(H2O) |
| 4.550(19.49) | 100 | 2.280(39.49) | 80 | 3.150(28.31) | 80 | Gearksutite | CaAl(OH,F)5•(H2O) |
| 4.560(19.45) | 100 | 1.520(60.90) | 100 | 15.400(5.73) | 100 | Nontronite | Na0.3Fe+++2(Si,Al)4O10(OH)2•n(H2O) |
| 4.570(19.41) | 100 | 4.510(19.67) | 90 | 3.720(23.90) | 60 | Arhbarite | Cu2Mg(AsO4)(OH)3 |
| 4.570(19.41) | 100 | 3.360(26.51) | 90 | 6.280(14.09) | 90 | Soddyite | (UO2)2SiO4•2(H2O) |
| 4.570(19.41) | 100 | 6.280(14.09) | 90 | 3.360(26.51) | 90 | Soddyite | (UO2)2SiO4•2(H2O) |
| 4.580(19.36) | 100 | 7.530(11.74) | 90 | 3.890(22.84) | 90 | Tengerite-(Y) | Y2(CO3)3•2-3(H2O) |
| 4.580(19.36) | 100 | 3.985(22.29) | 80 | 1.205(79.47) | 70 | Mopungite | NaSb(OH)6 |
| 4.580(19.36) | 100 | 3.890(22.84) | 90 | 7.530(11.74) | 90 | Tengerite-(Y) | Y2(CO3)3•2-3(H2O) |
| 4.580(19.36) | 100 | 3.380(26.35) | 70 | 2.880(31.03) | 50 | Gortdrumite | (Cu,Fe)6Hg2S5 |
| 4.580(19.36) | 100 | 1.530(60.46) | 100 | 15.800(5.59) | 80 | Hectorite | Na0,3(Mg,Li)3Si4O10(OH)2 |
| 4.590(19.32) | 100 | 3.722(23.89) | 90 | 2.528(35.48) | 80 | Lenoblite | V2O4•2(H2O) |
| 4.600(19.28) | 100 | 1.870(48.65) | 80 | 1.747(52.32) | 30 | Holfertite | U++++++1.75TiCa0.25 O7.5(H2O)3 |
| 4.600(19.28) | 100 | 3.210(27.77) | 90 | 4.290(20.69) | 80 | Rutherfordine | UO2(CO3) |
| 4.600(19.28) | 100 | 3.300(27.00) | 77 | 3.200(27.86) | 76 | Sborgite | NaB5O6(OH)4•3(H2O) |
| 4.600(19.28) | 100 | 2.900(30.81) | 80 | 1.870(48.65) | 30 | Holfertite | U++++++1.75TiCa0.25 O7.5(H2O)3 |
| 4.610(19.24) | 100 | 8.000(11.05) | 90 | 2.408(37.31) | 80 | Pharmacosiderite | KFe+++4(AsO4)3(OH)4•6-7(H2O) |
| 4.613(19.22) | 100 | 3.390(26.27) | 60 | 4.580(19.36) | 50 | Gilmarite | Cu3(AsO4)(OH)3 |
| 4.620(19.20) | 100 | 2.640(33.93) | 50 | 2.360(38.10) | 20 | Feitknechtite | beta-Mn+++O(OH) |
| 4.620(19.20) | 100 | 3.830(23.20) | 90 | 3.260(27.33) | 85 | Ohmilite | Sr3(Ti,Fe+++)(Si2O6)2(O,OH)•2-3(H2O) |
| 4.620(19.20) | 5.770(15.34) | 5.820(15.21) | Rubicline | (Rb,K)AlSi3O8 | |||
| 4.620(19.20) | 100 | 1.306(72.29) | 100 | 16.000(5.52) | 100 | Perlialite | K8Tl4Al12Si24O72•20(H2O) |
| 4.620(19.20) | 100 | 3.360(26.51) | 100 | 2.340(38.44) | 80 | Bottinoite | NiSb+++++2(OH)12•6(H2O) |
| 4.625(19.17) | 100 | 2.944(30.34) | 100 | 2.857(31.28) | 100 | Thomsonite-Ca | NaCa2Al5Si5O20•6(H2O) |
| 4.627(19.17) | 100 | 2.673(33.50) | 60 | 3.439(25.89) | 40 | Xocomecatlite | Cu3Te++++++O4(OH)4 |
| 4.636(19.13) | 100 | 3.392(26.25) | 70 | 4.946(17.92) | 50 | Brandholzite | Mg[Sb(OH)6]2•6(H2O) |
| 4.639(19.12) | 100 | 8.022(11.02) | 92 | 4.967(17.84) | 68 | Cejkaite | Na4(UO2)(CO3)3 |
| 4.640(19.11) | 100 | 4.790(18.51) | 100 | 2.270(39.67) | 50 | Felsobanyaite | Al4(SO4)(OH)10•5(H2O) |
| 4.640(19.11) | 100 | 3.151(28.30) | 100 | 2.925(30.54) | 100 | Amblygonite | (Li,Na)Al(PO4)(F,OH) |
| 4.647(19.08) | 100 | 3.245(27.46) | 100 | 2.724(32.85) | 70 | Mawbyite | Pb(Fe+++Zn)2(AsO4)2(OH,H2O)2 |
| 4.660(19.03) | 100 | 3.470(25.65) | 100 | 2.640(33.93) | 70 | Coffinite | U(SiO4)1-x(OH)4x |
| 4.660(19.03) | 100 | 4.560(19.45) | 80 | 2.770(32.29) | 80 | Mounanaite | PbFe+++2(VO4)2(OH)2 |
| 4.660(19.03) | 100 | 2.770(32.29) | 80 | 4.560(19.45) | 80 | Mounanaite | PbFe+++2(VO4)2(OH)2 |
| 4.660(19.03) | 100 | 2.660(33.67) | 60 | 2.480(36.19) | 60 | Woodruffite | (Zn,Mn++)2Mn++++5O12•4(H2O) |
| 4.660(19.03) | 100 | 2.480(36.19) | 60 | 2.660(33.67) | 60 | Woodruffite | (Zn,Mn++)2Mn++++5O12•4(H2O) |
| 4.660(19.03) | 100 | 2.922(30.57) | 80 | 3.268(27.27) | 40 | Brewsterite-Sr | (Sr,Ba)Al4Si12O32•10(H2O) |
| 4.660(19.03) | 100 | 2.922(30.57) | 80 | 3.268(27.27) | 40 | Brewsterite-Ba | (Ba,Sr)Al2Si6O16•5(H2O) |
| 4.665(19.01) | 100 | 3.310(26.91) | 90 | 2.214(40.72) | 80 | Akatoreite | (Mn++,Fe++)9Al2Si8O24(OH)8 |
| 4.670(18.99) | 100 | 5.500(16.10) | 100 | 5.100(17.37) | 80 | Pascoite | Ca3V10O28•17(H2O) |
| 4.672(18.98) | 100 | 3.150(28.31) | 100 | 3.413(26.09) | 90 | Tancoite | HNa2LiAl(PO4)2(OH) |
| 4.680(18.95) | 100 | 3.380(26.35) | 90 | 9.390(9.41) | 70 | Kratochvilite | (C6H4)2CH2 |
| 4.687(18.92) | 100 | 4.337(20.46) | 80 | 10.120(8.73) | 70 | Metavauxite | Fe++Al2(PO4)2(OH)2•8(H2O) |
| 4.688(18.91) | 100 | 3.273(27.22) | 88 | 2.865(31.19) | 70 | Thometzekite | Pb(Cu,Zn)2(AsO4)2•2(H2O) |
| 4.689(18.91) | 100 | 2.447(36.70) | 75 | 2.344(38.37) | 45 | Nitrobarite | Ba(NO3)2 |
| 4.690(18.91) | 30 | 4.280(20.74) | 20 | 2.981(29.95) | 100 | Pautovite | CsFe2S3 |
| 4.690(18.91) | 100 | 3.260(27.33) | 100 | 2.028(44.65) | 90 | Yttrotungstite-(Y) | YW2O6(OH)3 |
| 4.699(18.87) | 100 | 2.349(38.28) | 70 | 2.877(31.06) | 65 | Hieratite | K2SiF6 |
| 4.699(18.87) | 100 | 3.322(26.81) | 50 | 2.865(31.19) | 40 | Orthominasragrite | VO(SO4)•5(H2O) |
| 4.700(18.87) | 100 | 3.830(23.20) | 50 | 2.450(36.65) | 50 | Doloresite | H8V++++6O16 |
| 4.700(18.87) | 100 | 2.450(36.65) | 50 | 3.830(23.20) | 50 | Doloresite | H8V++++6O16 |
| 4.700(18.87) | 100 | 2.921(30.58) | 100 | 2.887(30.95) | 100 | Larderellite | (NH4)B5O6(OH)4 |
| 4.704(18.85) | 100 | 3.343(26.64) | 47 | 3.539(25.14) | 45 | Lunijianlaite | LiAl6(Si7Al)O20(OH)10 |
| 4.706(18.84) | 100 | 3.505(25.39) | 100 | 4.767(18.60) | 100 | Acuminite | SrAlF4(OH)•(H2O) |
| 4.710(18.83) | 100 | 2.330(38.61) | 100 | 3.980(22.32) | 90 | Donbassite | Al2[Al2.33][Si3AlO10](OH)8 |
| 4.714(18.81) | 100 | 3.143(28.37) | 70 | 9.428(9.37) | 68 | Lithiophorite | (Al,Li)Mn++++O2(OH)2 |
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