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Minerals Arranged by X-Ray Powder Diffraction
See Help on X-Ray Diffraction.
Powder X-ray Diffraction (XRD) is one of the primary techniques used by mineralogists and solid state chemists to examine the physico-chemical make-up of unknown materials. This data is represented in a collection of single-phase X-ray powder diffraction patterns for the three most intense D values in the form of tables of interplanar spacings (D), relative intensities (I/Io), mineral name and chemical formulae
The XRD technique takes a sample of the material and places a powdered sample in a holder, then the sample is illuminated with x-rays of a fixed wave-length and the intensity of the reflected radiation is recorded using a goniometer. This data is then analyzed for the reflection angle to calculate the inter-atomic spacing (D value in Angstrom units - 10-8 cm). The intensity(I) is measured to discriminate (using I ratios) the various D spacings and the results are compared to this table to identify possible matches. Note: 2 theta (Θ) angle calculated from the Bragg Equation, 2 Θ = 2(arcsin(n λ/(2d)) where n=1;
For more information about this technique, see X-Ray Analysis of a Solid or take an internet course at Birkbeck College On-line Courses. Many thanks to Frederic Biret for these data.
|
Selected X-Ray λ |
Change X-Ray λ |
D1 Å |
D2 Å |
D3 Å |
Tolerance % |
Elements |
|---|
| D1 Å (2θ) |
I1 %) |
D2 Å (2θ) |
I2 (%) |
D3 Å (2θ) |
I3 (%) |
Mineral | Formula |
| 3.235(27.55) | 100 | 1.997(45.38) | 80 | 3.015(29.60) | 60 | Athabascaite | Cu5Se4 |
| 3.235(27.55) | 100 | 3.162(28.20) | 80 | 3.135(28.45) | 80 | Florkeite | (K3Ca2Na)[Al8Si8O32]•12H2O |
| 3.235(27.55) | 100 | 3.135(28.45) | 80 | 3.162(28.20) | 80 | Florkeite | (K3Ca2Na)[Al8Si8O32]•12H2O |
| 3.236(27.54) | 100 | 2.026(44.69) | 61 | 2.642(33.90) | 44 | Diversilite-(Ce) | Na2(Ba,K)6Ce2Fe++Ti3Si12O36(OH)3(OH,H2O)9 |
| 3.238(27.52) | 100 | 5.290(16.75) | 100 | 3.329(26.76) | 74 | Litvinskite | Na2([ ],Na,Mn)Zr[Si6O12(OH,O)6] |
| 3.239(27.52) | 100 | 3.116(28.62) | 40 | 2.725(32.84) | 30 | Atelestite | Bi8(AsO4)3(OH)5O5 |
| 3.240(27.51) | 100 | 7.170(12.33) | 80 | 5.080(17.44) | 80 | Osumilite-(Fe) | (K,Na)(Fe++,Mg)2(Al,Fe+++)3(Si,Al)12O30 |
| 3.240(27.51) | 100 | 5.070(17.48) | 80 | 2.870(31.14) | 80 | Mottramite | PbCu(VO4)(OH) |
| 3.240(27.51) | 100 | 3.194(27.91) | 100 | 2.156(41.87) | 80 | Bahianite | Al5Sb+++++3O14(OH)2 |
| 3.240(27.51) | 100 | 3.058(29.18) | 100 | 1.965(46.16) | 100 | Fergusonite-beta-(Ce) | (Ce,La,Nd)NbO4 |
| 3.240(27.51) | 100 | 2.270(39.67) | 70 | 2.720(32.90) | 40 | Tsumebite | Pb2Cu(PO4)(SO4)(OH) |
| 3.240(27.51) | 100 | 2.430(36.96) | 100 | 8.270(10.69) | 100 | Calclacite | Ca[Cl2/CH3COO]•10(H2O) |
| 3.240(27.51) | 100 | 3.200(27.86) | 100 | 3.030(29.45) | 9 | Keiviite-(Yb) | (Yb,Y)2Si2O7 |
| 3.240(27.51) | 100 | 5.080(17.44) | 100 | 3.750(23.71) | 100 | Chayesite | K(Mg,Fe++)4Fe+++(Si12O30) |
| 3.240(27.51) | 100 | 7.080(12.49) | 100 | 5.110(17.34) | 80 | Elpidite | Na2ZrSi6O15•3(H2O) |
| 3.240(27.51) | 100 | 5.080(17.44) | 80 | 7.170(12.33) | 80 | Osumilite-(Fe) | (K,Na)(Fe++,Mg)2(Al,Fe+++)3(Si,Al)12O30 |
| 3.240(27.51) | 100 | 1.590(57.95) | 80 | 3.580(24.85) | 65 | Richellite | Ca3Fe+++10(PO4)8(OH)12•n(H2O) |
| 3.240(27.51) | 100 | 1.694(54.09) | 85 | 2.810(31.82) | 85 | Erlichmanite | OsS2 |
| 3.240(27.51) | 100 | 2.021(44.81) | 30 | 1.653(55.55) | 25 | Wulfenite | PbMoO4 |
| 3.240(27.51) | 100 | 2.091(43.23) | 90 | 1.619(56.82) | 80 | Chrysoberyl | BeAl2O4 |
| 3.240(27.51) | 100 | 2.870(31.14) | 80 | 5.070(17.48) | 80 | Mottramite | PbCu(VO4)(OH) |
| 3.240(27.51) | 100 | 2.900(30.81) | 70 | 2.270(39.67) | 40 | Tsumebite | Pb2Cu(PO4)(SO4)(OH) |
| 3.240(27.51) | 100 | 3.206(27.80) | 85 | 3.080(28.97) | 70 | Lazulite | MgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2 |
| 3.240(27.51) | 100 | 3.310(26.91) | 90 | 3.000(29.76) | 70 | Hyalophane | (K,Ba)Al(Si,Al)3O8 |
| 3.240(27.51) | 100 | 3.750(23.71) | 100 | 5.080(17.44) | 100 | Chayesite | K(Mg,Fe++)4Fe+++(Si12O30) |
| 3.240(27.51) | 100 | 2.810(31.82) | 85 | 1.694(54.09) | 85 | Erlichmanite | OsS2 |
| 3.240(27.51) | 100 | 2.924(30.55) | 50 | 3.195(27.90) | 50 | Bogvadite | Na2SrBa2Al4F20 |
| 3.240(27.51) | 100 | 3.195(27.90) | 50 | 2.924(30.55) | 50 | Bogvadite | Na2SrBa2Al4F20 |
| 3.242(27.49) | 100 | 2.963(30.14) | 100 | 2.847(31.40) | 90 | Irhtemite | Ca4Mg(AsO3OH)2(AsO4)2•4(H2O) |
| 3.242(27.49) | 100 | 2.746(32.58) | 48 | 2.980(29.96) | 48 | Calderonite | Pb2Fe+++(VO4)2(OH) |
| 3.242(27.49) | 100 | 2.980(29.96) | 48 | 2.746(32.58) | 48 | Calderonite | Pb2Fe+++(VO4)2(OH) |
| 3.243(27.48) | 100 | 4.462(19.88) | 96 | 4.656(19.05) | 87 | Cobalttsumcorite | Pb(Co,Fe)2(AsO4)2(OH,H2O)2 |
| 3.244(27.47) | 100 | 4.663(19.02) | 90 | 2.863(31.22) | 90 | Tsumcorite | PbZnFe++(AsO4)2•(H2O) |
| 3.244(27.47) | 100 | 2.877(31.06) | 80 | 2.920(30.59) | 50 | Clinocervantite | Sb+++Sb+++++O4 |
| 3.244(27.47) | 100 | 2.863(31.22) | 90 | 4.663(19.02) | 90 | Tsumcorite | PbZnFe++(AsO4)2•(H2O) |
| 3.245(27.46) | 100 | 4.647(19.08) | 100 | 2.724(32.85) | 70 | Mawbyite | Pb(Fe+++Zn)2(AsO4)2(OH,H2O)2 |
| 3.245(27.46) | 100 | 3.454(25.77) | 50 | 2.771(32.28) | 35 | Claudetite | As2O3 |
| 3.245(27.46) | 100 | 1.687(54.34) | 50 | 2.489(36.06) | 41 | Rutile | TiO2 |
| 3.246(27.45) | 100 | 5.910(14.98) | 90 | 2.105(42.93) | 90 | Magnesiodumortierite | (Mg,Ti,[ ])<1(Al,Mg)2Al4Si3O18-y(OH)yB y=2-3 |
| 3.246(27.45) | 100 | 2.988(29.88) | 60 | 2.769(32.30) | 60 | Feinglosite | Pb2(Zn,Fe)[(As,S)O4]2•(H2O) |
| 3.246(27.45) | 100 | 2.682(33.38) | 90 | 3.073(29.03) | 80 | Tilasite | CaMg(AsO4)F |
| 3.246(27.45) | 100 | 2.769(32.30) | 60 | 2.988(29.88) | 60 | Feinglosite | Pb2(Zn,Fe)[(As,S)O4]2•(H2O) |
| 3.246(27.45) | 100 | 2.105(42.93) | 90 | 5.910(14.98) | 90 | Magnesiodumortierite | (Mg,Ti,[ ])<1(Al,Mg)2Al4Si3O18-y(OH)yB y=2-3 |
| 3.248(27.44) | 100 | 2.970(30.06) | 69 | 2.767(32.33) | 61 | Heyite | Pb5Fe++2(VO4)2O4 |
| 3.249(27.43) | 100 | 3.253(27.39) | 61 | 7.044(12.56) | 54 | Gjerdingenite-Na | (K,Na)2Na(Nb,Ti)4(Si4O12)2(OH,O)4•5H2O |
| 3.250(27.42) | 100 | 2.360(38.10) | 70 | 2.220(40.60) | 55 | Pilsenite | Bi4Te3 |
| 3.250(27.42) | 100 | 2.370(37.93) | 50 | 2.240(40.23) | 40 | Hedleyite | Bi7Te3 (?) |
| 3.250(27.42) | 100 | 2.548(35.19) | 52 | 3.750(23.71) | 50 | Dusmatovite | K(K,Na,[ ])(Mn++,Y,Zr)2(Zn,Li)3Si12O30 |
| 3.250(27.42) | 100 | 2.760(32.41) | 80 | 4.950(17.90) | 80 | Brackebuschite | Pb2(Mn,Fe++)(VO4)2(OH) |
| 3.250(27.42) | 100 | 1.577(58.48) | 70 | 1.444(64.48) | 70 | Burovaite-Ca | (K,Na)4Ca2(Ti,Nb)8[Si4O12]4(OH,O)8•12H2O |
| 3.250(27.42) | 100 | 2.024(44.74) | 35 | 1.660(55.29) | 35 | Stolzite | PbWO4 |
| 3.250(27.42) | 100 | 3.290(27.08) | 95 | 4.560(19.45) | 95 | Blodite | Na2Mg(SO4)2•4(H2O) |
| 3.250(27.42) | 100 | 3.490(25.50) | 70 | 2.840(31.47) | 60 | Owyheeite | Pb7Ag2(Sb,Bi)8S20 |
| 3.250(27.42) | 100 | 3.800(23.39) | 100 | 3.450(25.80) | 90 | Molybdite | MoO3 |
| 3.250(27.42) | 100 | 4.800(18.47) | 65 | 2.760(32.41) | 60 | Arsentsumebite | Pb2Cu(AsO4)(SO4)(OH) |
| 3.250(27.42) | 100 | 1.660(55.29) | 35 | 2.024(44.74) | 35 | Stolzite | PbWO4 |
| 3.250(27.42) | 100 | 1.444(64.48) | 70 | 1.577(58.48) | 70 | Burovaite-Ca | (K,Na)4Ca2(Ti,Nb)8[Si4O12]4(OH,O)8•12H2O |
| 3.250(27.42) | 100 | 6.200(14.27) | 100 | 1.920(47.30) | 90 | Pseudo-autunite | (H3O)4Ca2(UO2)2(PO4)4•5(H2O) (?) |
| 3.250(27.42) | 100 | 1.577(58.48) | 70 | 1.712(53.48) | 70 | Burovaite-Ca | (K,Na)4Ca2(Ti,Nb)8[Si4O12]4(OH,O)8•12H2O |
| 3.250(27.42) | 100 | 4.560(19.45) | 95 | 3.290(27.08) | 95 | Blodite | Na2Mg(SO4)2•4(H2O) |
| 3.250(27.42) | 100 | 2.610(34.33) | 100 | 4.080(21.76) | 100 | Thorosteenstrupine | (Ca,Th,Mn)3Si4O11F•6(H2O) |
| 3.250(27.42) | 100 | 1.990(45.55) | 90 | 3.980(22.32) | 80 | Cebaite-(Ce) | Ba3Ce2(CO3)5F2 |
| 3.250(27.42) | 100 | 4.950(17.90) | 80 | 2.760(32.41) | 80 | Brackebuschite | Pb2(Mn,Fe++)(VO4)2(OH) |
| 3.250(27.42) | 100 | 4.260(20.83) | 55 | 2.103(42.97) | 50 | Kuzminite | Hg2(Br,Cl)2 |
| 3.251(27.41) | 100 | 1.986(45.64) | 90 | 1.697(53.99) | 80 | Permingeatite | Cu3SbSe4 |
| 3.252(27.40) | 100 | 2.643(33.89) | 70 | 5.172(17.13) | 70 | Pyrobelonite | PbMn(VO4)(OH) |
| 3.252(27.40) | 100 | 1.991(45.52) | 56 | 1.697(53.99) | 39 | Haleniusite-(La) | (La,Ce)OF |
| 3.252(27.40) | 100 | 5.172(17.13) | 70 | 2.643(33.89) | 70 | Pyrobelonite | PbMn(VO4)(OH) |
| 3.253(27.39) | 100 | 2.708(33.05) | 40 | 2.693(33.24) | 40 | Bismite | Bi2O3 |
| 3.253(27.39) | 100 | 5.130(17.27) | 100 | 2.815(31.76) | 60 | Poudretteite | KNa2B3Si12O30 |
| 3.253(27.39) | 100 | 2.693(33.24) | 40 | 2.708(33.05) | 40 | Bismite | Bi2O3 |
| 3.253(27.39) | 100 | 3.283(27.14) | 100 | 4.233(20.97) | 65 | Parsonsite | Pb2(UO2)(PO4)2•2(H2O) |
| 3.254(27.39) | 100 | 3.271(27.24) | 51 | 3.145(28.35) | 34 | Smrkovecite | Bi2O(OH)(PO4) |
| 3.256(27.37) | 100 | 4.670(18.99) | 97 | 3.072(29.04) | 56 | Rappoldite | Pb(Co,Ni,Zn,)2(AsO4)2•2(H2O) |
| 3.256(27.37) | 100 | 2.518(35.63) | 70 | 4.871(18.20) | 40 | Cuzticite | Fe+++2Te++++++O6•3(H2O) |
| 3.257(27.36) | 100 | 3.324(26.80) | 100 | 3.299(27.01) | 100 | Terskite | Na4ZrSi6O15(OH)2•2(H2O) |
| 3.257(27.36) | 100 | 15.300(5.77) | 70 | 2.030(44.60) | 70 | Mathewrogersite | Pb7(Fe,Cu)Al3GeSi12O36•(OH,H2O)6 |
| 3.257(27.36) | 100 | 2.030(44.60) | 70 | 15.300(5.77) | 70 | Mathewrogersite | Pb7(Fe,Cu)Al3GeSi12O36•(OH,H2O)6 |
| 3.257(27.36) | 100 | 3.299(27.01) | 100 | 3.324(26.80) | 100 | Terskite | Na4ZrSi6O15(OH)2•2(H2O) |
| 3.257(27.36) | 100 | 3.132(28.47) | 100 | 2.812(31.80) | 100 | Kornite | Na(CaNa)Fe++4(Al,Fe+++)Si7AlO22(OH)2 |
| 3.259(27.34) | 100 | 3.159(28.23) | 83 | 3.097(28.80) | 70 | Medaite | (Mn,Ca)6(V+++++,As)Si5O18(OH) |
| 3.260(27.33) | 100 | 3.080(28.97) | 100 | 2.483(36.15) | 80 | Blossite | Cu2V+++++2O7 |
| 3.260(27.33) | 100 | 1.980(45.79) | 80 | 1.720(53.21) | 70 | Hocartite | Ag2FeSnS4 |
| 3.260(27.33) | 100 | 2.510(35.74) | 100 | 2.810(31.82) | 60 | Terlinguaite | Hg+Hg++ClO |
| 3.260(27.33) | 100 | 2.650(33.80) | 80 | 2.850(31.36) | 80 | Duftite-alpha | PbCu(AsO4)(OH) |
| 3.260(27.33) | 100 | 2.650(33.80) | 80 | 2.850(31.36) | 80 | Duftite-beta | PbCu(AsO4)(OH) |
| 3.260(27.33) | 100 | 2.930(30.48) | 65 | 2.560(35.02) | 55 | Darapiosite | KNa2Zr[Li(Mn,Zr)2Si12O30] |
| 3.260(27.33) | 100 | 6.220(14.23) | 100 | 2.780(32.17) | 80 | Odanielite | Na(Zn,Mg)3H2(AsO4)3 |
| 3.260(27.33) | 100 | 5.660(15.64) | 100 | 5.010(17.69) | 90 | Inderite | MgB3O3(OH)5•5(H2O) |
| 3.260(27.33) | 100 | 2.850(31.36) | 80 | 2.650(33.80) | 80 | Duftite-beta | PbCu(AsO4)(OH) |
| 3.260(27.33) | 100 | 3.810(23.33) | 90 | 2.950(30.27) | 90 | Semseyite | Pb9Sb8S21 |
| 3.260(27.33) | 100 | 2.850(31.36) | 80 | 2.650(33.80) | 80 | Duftite-alpha | PbCu(AsO4)(OH) |
| 3.260(27.33) | 100 | 4.690(18.91) | 100 | 2.028(44.65) | 90 | Yttrotungstite-(Y) | YW2O6(OH)3 |
| 3.260(27.33) | 100 | 7.910(11.18) | 90 | 11.890(7.43) | 70 | Volkovskite | KCa4[B5O8(OH)4][B(OH)3]Cl•4(H2O) |
| 3.260(27.33) | 100 | 3.750(23.71) | 90 | 4.430(20.03) | 60 | Eifelite | KNa3Mg4Si12O30 |
| 3.260(27.33) | 100 | 3.680(24.16) | 70 | 4.700(18.87) | 60 | Hydroxycancrinite | Na4(AlSiO4)3(OH)•(H2O) |
| 3.260(27.33) | 100 | 3.220(27.68) | 90 | 3.270(27.25) | 75 | Sanidine | (K,Na)(Si,Al)4O8 |
| 3.260(27.33) | 100 | 3.070(29.06) | 70 | 3.475(25.61) | 60 | Kirkiite | Pb10Bi3As3S19 |
| 3.260(27.33) | 100 | 2.966(30.10) | 94 | 5.020(17.65) | 72 | Vlasovite | Na2ZrSi4O11 |
| 3.260(27.33) | 100 | 2.950(30.27) | 90 | 3.810(23.33) | 90 | Semseyite | Pb9Sb8S21 |