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Minerals Arranged by X-Ray Powder Diffraction
See Help on X-Ray Diffraction.
Powder X-ray Diffraction (XRD) is one of the primary techniques used by mineralogists and solid state chemists to examine the physico-chemical make-up of unknown materials. This data is represented in a collection of single-phase X-ray powder diffraction patterns for the three most intense D values in the form of tables of interplanar spacings (D), relative intensities (I/Io), mineral name and chemical formulae
The XRD technique takes a sample of the material and places a powdered sample in a holder, then the sample is illuminated with x-rays of a fixed wave-length and the intensity of the reflected radiation is recorded using a goniometer. This data is then analyzed for the reflection angle to calculate the inter-atomic spacing (D value in Angstrom units - 10-8 cm). The intensity(I) is measured to discriminate (using I ratios) the various D spacings and the results are compared to this table to identify possible matches. Note: 2 theta (Θ) angle calculated from the Bragg Equation, 2 Θ = 2(arcsin(n λ/(2d)) where n=1;
For more information about this technique, see X-Ray Analysis of a Solid or take an internet course at Birkbeck College On-line Courses. Many thanks to Frederic Biret for these data.
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Selected X-Ray λ |
Change X-Ray λ |
D1 Å |
D2 Å |
D3 Å |
Tolerance % |
Elements |
|---|
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| D1 Å (2θ) |
I1 %) |
D2 Å (2θ) |
I2 (%) |
D3 Å (2θ) |
I3 (%) |
Mineral | Formula |
| 14.290(6.18) | 100 | 2.996(29.80) | 100 | 6.390(13.85) | Lintisite | Na3LiTi2Si4O14•2(H2O) | |
| 14.300(6.18) | 100 | 4.520(19.62) | 60 | 10.380(8.51) | 24 | Parnauite | Cu9(AsO4)2(SO4)(OH)10•7(H2O) |
| 14.300(6.18) | 100 | 5.660(15.64) | 100 | 3.760(23.64) | 100 | Faujasite-Ca | (Ca,Na2,Mg)3.5[Al7Si17O48]•32(H2O) |
| 14.300(6.18) | 100 | 5.660(15.64) | 100 | 3.760(23.64) | 100 | Faujasite-Na | (Na2,Ca,Mg)3.5[Al7Si17O48]•32(H2O) |
| 14.300(6.18) | 100 | 5.660(15.64) | 100 | 3.760(23.64) | 100 | Faujasite-Mg | (Mg,Na2,Ca)3.5[Al7Si17O48]•32(H2O) |
| 14.360(6.15) | 100 | 9.480(9.32) | 100 | 7.380(11.98) | 70 | Paramendozavilite | NaAl4Fe+++7(PO4)5(P+++++Mo++++++12O40)(OH)16•56(H2O) |
| 14.400(6.13) | 100 | 2.660(33.67) | 80 | 6.420(13.78) | 80 | Wiserite | Mn4B2O5(OH,Cl)4 |
| 14.400(6.13) | 100 | 6.420(13.78) | 80 | 2.660(33.67) | 80 | Wiserite | Mn4B2O5(OH,Cl)4 |
| 14.470(6.10) | 100 | 2.881(31.02) | 40 | 6.430(13.76) | 20 | Manganokukisvumite | Na6MnTi4Si8O28•4(H2O) |
| 14.470(6.10) | 100 | 3.025(29.50) | 40 | 2.881(31.02) | 20 | Manganokukisvumite | Na6MnTi4Si8O28•4(H2O) |
| 14.500(6.09) | 100 | 3.424(26.00) | 82 | 3.143(28.37) | 35 | Silhydrite | 3SiO2•(H2O) |
| 14.500(6.09) | 100 | 2.683(33.37) | 90 | 2.133(42.34) | 80 | Phosphoinnelite | Ba4Na3Ti3Si4O14(PO4,SO4)2(O,F)3 |
| 14.570(6.06) | 100 | 6.280(14.09) | 40 | 2.816(31.75) | 40 | Bleasdaleite | (Ca,Fe+++)2Cu5(Bi,Cu)(PO4 )4(H2O,OH,Cl)13 |
| 14.570(6.06) | 100 | 6.280(14.09) | 40 | 6.950(12.73) | 40 | Bleasdaleite | (Ca,Fe+++)2Cu5(Bi,Cu)(PO4 )4(H2O,OH,Cl)13 |
| 14.570(6.06) | 100 | 2.816(31.75) | 40 | 6.280(14.09) | 40 | Bleasdaleite | (Ca,Fe+++)2Cu5(Bi,Cu)(PO4 )4(H2O,OH,Cl)13 |
| 14.600(6.05) | 100 | 6.340(13.96) | 70 | 3.146(28.35) | 60 | Juanitaite | (Cu,Ca,Fe)10Bi(AsO4)4(OH)11•2(H2O) |
| 14.620(6.04) | 100 | 7.620(11.60) | 100 | 3.490(25.50) | 90 | Arsenuranospathite | HAl(UO2)4(AsO4)4•40(H2O) |
| 14.650(6.03) | 100 | 4.050(21.93) | 80 | 2.721(32.89) | 75 | Aerinite | (Ca,Na)6FeAl(Fe++,Mg)2(Al,Mg)6[Si12O36(OH)12H][(H2O)12(CO3)] |
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